Merge branch '4.22'

Bumps `ads.version` from 2.0.0.AM25 to 2.0.0.AM27.

Updates `org.apache.directory.server:apacheds-server-integ` from 2.0.0.AM25 to 2.0.0.AM27
- [Commits](https://github.com/apache/directory-server/compare/2.0.0.AM25...2.0.0.AM27)

Updates `org.apache.directory.server:apacheds-core-constants` from 2.0.0.AM25 to 2.0.0.AM27
- [Commits](https://github.com/apache/directory-server/compare/2.0.0.AM25...2.0.0.AM27)

Updates `org.apache.directory.server:apacheds-core-annotations` from 2.0.0.AM25 to 2.0.0.AM27
- [Commits](https://github.com/apache/directory-server/compare/2.0.0.AM25...2.0.0.AM27)

Updates `org.apache.directory.server:apacheds-core` from 2.0.0.AM25 to 2.0.0.AM27
- [Commits](https://github.com/apache/directory-server/compare/2.0.0.AM25...2.0.0.AM27)

Updates `org.apache.directory.server:apacheds-protocol-ldap` from 2.0.0.AM25 to 2.0.0.AM27
- [Commits](https://github.com/apache/directory-server/compare/2.0.0.AM25...2.0.0.AM27)

Updates `org.apache.directory.server:apacheds-jdbm-partition` from 2.0.0.AM25 to 2.0.0.AM27
- [Commits](https://github.com/apache/directory-server/compare/2.0.0.AM25...2.0.0.AM27)

Updates `org.apache.directory.server:apacheds-ldif-partition` from 2.0.0.AM25 to 2.0.0.AM27
- [Commits](https://github.com/apache/directory-server/compare/2.0.0.AM25...2.0.0.AM27)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: org.apache.directory.server:apacheds-server-integ
  dependency-version: 2.0.0.AM27
  dependency-type: direct:development
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
- dependency-name: org.apache.directory.server:apacheds-core-constants
  dependency-version: 2.0.0.AM27
  dependency-type: direct:development
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
- dependency-name: org.apache.directory.server:apacheds-core-annotations
  dependency-version: 2.0.0.AM27
  dependency-type: direct:development
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
- dependency-name: org.apache.directory.server:apacheds-core
  dependency-version: 2.0.0.AM27
  dependency-type: direct:development
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
- dependency-name: org.apache.directory.server:apacheds-protocol-ldap
  dependency-version: 2.0.0.AM27
  dependency-type: direct:development
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
- dependency-name: org.apache.directory.server:apacheds-jdbm-partition
  dependency-version: 2.0.0.AM27
  dependency-type: direct:development
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
- dependency-name: org.apache.directory.server:apacheds-ldif-partition
  dependency-version: 2.0.0.AM27
  dependency-type: direct:development
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

.github/CODEOWNERS

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+/plugins/storage/volume/linstor @rp-
+/plugins/storage/volume/storpool @slavkap
+
+.pre-commit-config.yaml @jbampton
+/.github/linters/ @jbampton

.github/dependabot.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+# To get started with Dependabot version updates, you'll need to specify which
+# package ecosystems to update and where the package manifests are located.
+# Please see the documentation for all configuration options:
+# https://docs.github.com/github/administering-a-repository/configuration-options-for-dependency-updates
+
+version: 2
+updates:
+  - package-ecosystem: "maven" # See documentation for possible values
+    directory: "/" # Location of package manifests
+    schedule:
+      interval: "daily"
+    cooldown:
+      default-days: 7

.github/linters/.yamllint.yml

@@ -15,13 +15,14 @@
 # specific language governing permissions and limitations
 # under the License.
 ---
-extends: relaxed
+extends: default
 
 rules:
   line-length:
     max: 400  # Very forgiving for GitHub Actions and infrastructure files
   indentation: disable  # Disable indentation checking for existing files
   comments: disable  # Disable comment formatting checks
+  braces: disable
   brackets: disable  # Disable bracket spacing checks
   colons:
     max-spaces-after: -1  # Allow any number of spaces after colon

.github/linters/codespell.txt

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ acount
 actuall
 acuiring
 acumulate
+addin
 addreess
 addtion
 adminstrator
@@ -12,10 +13,8 @@ afrer
 afterall
 againt
 ags
-aktive
 algoritm
 allo
-alloacate
 allocted
 alocation
 alogrithm
@@ -65,6 +64,7 @@ bject
 boardcast
 bootstraper
 bu
+callin
 cant
 capabilites
 capablity
@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ carrefully
 cavaet
 chaing
 checkd
+checkin
 childs
 choosen
 chould
@@ -93,7 +94,6 @@ confg
 configruation
 configuable
 conneciton
-connexion
 constrait
 constraits
 containg
@@ -101,9 +101,7 @@ contex
 continuesly
 contro
 controler
-controles
 controll
-convienient
 convinience
 coputer
 correcponding
@@ -158,13 +156,13 @@ differnet
 differnt
 direcotry
 directroy
-disale
 disbale
 discrepency
 disover
 dissapper
 dissassociated
 divice
+dockin
 doesn'
 doesnot
 doesnt
@@ -175,7 +173,6 @@ eanbled
 earch
 ect
 elemnt
-eles
 elments
 emmited
 enble
@@ -187,22 +184,19 @@ environmnet
 equivalant
 erro
 erronous
-everthing
 everytime
 excute
 execept
 execption
+exects
 execut
 executeable
 exeeded
 exisitng
 exisits
-existin
 existsing
-exitting
 expcted
 expection
-explaination
 explicitely
 faield
 faild
@@ -215,7 +209,6 @@ fillled
 findout
 fisrt
 fo
-folowing
 fowarding
 frist
 fro
@@ -234,6 +227,7 @@ hanling
 happend
 hasing
 hasnt
+havin
 hda
 hostanme
 hould
@@ -253,20 +247,14 @@ implmeneted
 implmentation
 incase
 includeing
-incosistency
 indecates
-indien
 infor
 informations
 informaton
-infrastrcuture
 ingore
-inital
 initalize
 initator
-initilization
 inspite
-instace
 instal
 instnace
 intefaces
@@ -284,12 +272,8 @@ ist
 klunky
 lable
 leve
-lief
 limite
-linke
 listner
-lokal
-lokales
 maintainence
 maintenace
 maintenence
@@ -298,7 +282,6 @@ mambers
 manaully
 manuel
 maxium
-mehtod
 mergable
 mesage
 messge
@@ -308,7 +291,6 @@ minumum
 mis
 modifers
 mor
-mot
 mulitply
 multipl
 multple
@@ -322,7 +304,7 @@ nin
 nodel
 nome
 noone
-nowe
+notin
 numbe
 numer
 occured
@@ -390,12 +372,9 @@ remaning
 remore
 remvoing
 renabling
-repeatly
 reponse
 reqest
 reqiured
-requieres
-requried
 reserv
 reserverd
 reseted
@@ -414,14 +393,13 @@ retuned
 returing
 rever
 rocessor
+roperty
 runing
 runnign
 sate
 scalled
-scipt
 scirpt
 scrip
-seconadry
 seconday
 seesion
 sepcified
@@ -434,12 +412,10 @@ settig
 sevices
 shoul
 shoule
-sie
 signle
 simplier
 singature
 skiping
-snaphsot
 snpashot
 specied
 specifed
@@ -450,7 +426,6 @@ standy
 statics
 stickyness
 stil
-stip
 storeage
 strat
 streched
@@ -459,7 +434,6 @@ succesfull
 successfull
 suceessful
 suces
-sucessfully
 suiteable
 suppots
 suppport
@@ -492,7 +466,6 @@ uncompressible
 uneccessarily
 unexepected
 unexpect
-unknow
 unkonw
 unkown
 unneccessary
@@ -500,14 +473,12 @@ unparseable
 unrecoginized
 unsupport
 unxpected
-updat
 uptodate
 usera
 usign
 usin
 utlization
 vaidate
-valiate
 valule
 valus
 varibles
@@ -516,8 +487,6 @@ verfying
 verifing
 virutal
 visable
-wakup
 wil
 wit
-wll
 wth

.github/workflows/main-sonar-check.yml

@@ -44,14 +44,14 @@ jobs:
           cache: 'maven'
 
       - name: Cache SonarCloud packages
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        uses: actions/cache@v5
         with:
           path: ~/.sonar/cache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-sonar
           restore-keys: ${{ runner.os }}-sonar
 
       - name: Cache local Maven repository
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        uses: actions/cache@v5
         with:
           path: ~/.m2/repository
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-m2-${{ hashFiles('pom.xml', '*/pom.xml', '*/*/pom.xml', '*/*/*/pom.xml') }}

.github/workflows/pre-commit.yml

@@ -39,11 +39,11 @@ jobs:
           pip install pre-commit
       - name: Set PY
         run: echo "PY=$(python -VV | sha256sum | cut -d' ' -f1)" >> $GITHUB_ENV
-      - uses: actions/cache@v4
+      - uses: actions/cache@v5
         with:
           path: ~/.cache/pre-commit
           key: pre-commit|${{ env.PY }}|${{ hashFiles('.pre-commit-config.yaml') }}
       - name: Run pre-commit
-        run: pre-commit run --all-files
+        run: pre-commit run --color=always --all-files
       - name: Run manual pre-commit hooks
-        run: pre-commit run --all-files --hook-stage manual
+        run: pre-commit run --color=always --all-files --hook-stage manual

.github/workflows/sonar-check.yml

@@ -46,14 +46,14 @@ jobs:
           cache: 'maven'
 
       - name: Cache SonarCloud packages
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        uses: actions/cache@v5
         with:
           path: ~/.sonar/cache
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-sonar
           restore-keys: ${{ runner.os }}-sonar
 
       - name: Cache local Maven repository
-        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        uses: actions/cache@v5
         with:
           path: ~/.m2/repository
           key: ${{ runner.os }}-m2-${{ hashFiles('pom.xml', '*/pom.xml', '*/*/pom.xml', '*/*/*/pom.xml') }}

.github/workflows/stale.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+name: 'Close stale issues and PRs'
+on:
+  schedule:
+    - cron: '30 1 * * *'
+
+jobs:
+  stale:
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      actions: write
+      issues: write
+      pull-requests: write
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/stale@v10
+        with:
+          stale-issue-message: 'This issue is stale because it has been open for 120 days with no activity. It may be removed by administrators of this project at any time. Remove the stale label or comment to request for removal of it to prevent this.'
+          stale-pr-message: 'This PR is stale because it has been open for 120 days with no activity. It may be removed by administrators of this project at any time. Remove the stale label or comment to request for removal of it to prevent this.'
+          close-issue-message: 'This issue was closed because it has been stale for 120 days with no activity.'
+          close-pr-message: 'This PR was closed because it has been stale for 240 days with no activity.'
+          stale-issue-label: 'no-issue-activity'
+          stale-pr-label: 'no-pr-activity'
+          days-before-stale: 120
+          days-before-close: -1
+          days-before-pr-close: 240
+          exempt-issue-labels: 'gsoc,good-first-issue,long-term-plan'
+          exempt-pr-labels: 'status:ready-for-merge,status:needs-testing,status:on-hold'

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -25,6 +25,12 @@ repos:
     hooks:
       - id: identity
       - id: check-hooks-apply
+  - repo: https://github.com/thlorenz/doctoc.git
+    rev: v2.2.0
+    hooks:
+      - id: doctoc
+        name: Add TOC for Markdown files
+        files: ^CONTRIBUTING\.md$|^INSTALL\.md$|^README\.md$
   - repo: https://github.com/oxipng/oxipng
     rev: v9.1.5
     hooks:
@@ -41,6 +47,11 @@ repos:
   - repo: https://github.com/Lucas-C/pre-commit-hooks
     rev: v1.5.5
     hooks:
+      - id: chmod
+        name: set file permissions
+        args: ['644']
+        files: \.md$
+        stages: [manual]
       - id: insert-license
         name: add license for all Markdown files
         files: \.md$
@@ -51,6 +62,54 @@ repos:
           - .github/workflows/license-templates/LICENSE.txt
           - --fuzzy-match-generates-todo
         exclude: ^(CHANGES|ISSUE_TEMPLATE|PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE)\.md$|^ui/docs/(full|smoke)-test-plan\.template\.md$
+      - id: insert-license
+        name: add license for all properties files
+        description: automatically adds a licence header to all properties files that don't have a license header
+        files: \.properties$
+        args:
+          - --comment-style
+          - '|#|'
+          - --license-filepath
+          - .github/workflows/license-templates/LICENSE.txt
+          - --fuzzy-match-generates-todo
+      - id: insert-license
+        name: add license for all Shell files
+        description: automatically adds a licence header to all Shell files that don't have a license header
+        files: \.sh$
+        args:
+          - --comment-style
+          - '|#|'
+          - --license-filepath
+          - .github/workflows/license-templates/LICENSE.txt
+          - --fuzzy-match-generates-todo
+      - id: insert-license
+        name: add license for all SQL files
+        files: \.sql$
+        args:
+          - --comment-style
+          - '|--|'
+          - --license-filepath
+          - .github/workflows/license-templates/LICENSE.txt
+          - --fuzzy-match-generates-todo
+      - id: insert-license
+        name: add license for all Vue files
+        files: \.vue$
+        args:
+          - --comment-style
+          - '|//|'
+          - --license-filepath
+          - .github/workflows/license-templates/LICENSE.txt
+          - --fuzzy-match-generates-todo
+      - id: insert-license
+        name: add license for all YAML files
+        description: automatically adds a licence header to all YAML files that don't have a license header
+        files: \.ya?ml$
+        args:
+          - --comment-style
+          - '|#|'
+          - --license-filepath
+          - .github/workflows/license-templates/LICENSE.txt
+          - --fuzzy-match-generates-todo
   - repo: https://github.com/pre-commit/pre-commit-hooks
     rev: v6.0.0
     hooks:
@@ -84,7 +143,7 @@ repos:
           ^systemvm/agent/certs/realhostip\.key$|
           ^test/integration/smoke/test_ssl_offloading\.py$
       - id: end-of-file-fixer
-        exclude: \.vhd$
+        exclude: \.vhd$|\.svg$
       - id: file-contents-sorter
         args: [--unique]
         files: ^\.github/linters/codespell\.txt$
@@ -92,11 +151,11 @@ repos:
       - id: forbid-submodules
       - id: mixed-line-ending
       - id: trailing-whitespace
-        files: \.(bat|cfg|cs|css|gitignore|header|in|install|java|md|properties|py|rb|rc|sh|sql|te|template|txt|ucls|vue|xml|xsl|yaml|yml)$|^cloud-cli/bindir/cloud-tool$|^debian/changelog$
+        files: ^(LICENSE|NOTICE)$|\.(bat|cfg|cs|css|gitignore|header|in|install|java|md|properties|py|rb|rc|sh|sql|te|template|txt|ucls|vue|xml|xsl|yaml|yml)$|^cloud-cli/bindir/cloud-tool$|^debian/changelog$
         args: [--markdown-linebreak-ext=md]
         exclude: ^services/console-proxy/rdpconsole/src/test/doc/freerdp-debug-log\.txt$
   - repo: https://github.com/codespell-project/codespell
-    rev: v2.2.6
+    rev: v2.4.1
     hooks:
       - id: codespell
         name: run codespell
@@ -117,14 +176,6 @@ repos:
         args: [--config=.github/linters/.markdown-lint.yml]
         types: [markdown]
         files: \.(md|mdown|markdown)$
-  - repo: https://github.com/Lucas-C/pre-commit-hooks
-    rev: v1.5.5
-    hooks:
-      - id: chmod
-        name: set file permissions
-        args: ['644']
-        files: \.md$
-        stages: [manual]
   - repo: https://github.com/adrienverge/yamllint
     rev: v1.37.1
     hooks:

CONTRIBUTING.md

@@ -21,6 +21,24 @@
 
 ## Summary
 
+<!-- START doctoc generated TOC please keep comment here to allow auto update -->
+<!-- DON'T EDIT THIS SECTION, INSTEAD RE-RUN doctoc TO UPDATE -->
+
+- [Summary](#summary)
+- [Bug fixes](#bug-fixes)
+- [Developing new features](#developing-new-features)
+- [PendingReleaseNotes file](#pendingreleasenotes-file)
+- [Fork the code](#fork-the-code)
+- [Making changes](#making-changes)
+- [Rebase `feature_x` to include updates from `upstream/main`](#rebase-feature_x-to-include-updates-from-upstreammain)
+- [Make a GitHub Pull Request to contribute your changes](#make-a-github-pull-request-to-contribute-your-changes)
+- [Cleaning up after a successful pull request](#cleaning-up-after-a-successful-pull-request)
+- [Release Principles](#release-principles)
+
+<!-- END doctoc generated TOC please keep comment here to allow auto update -->
+
+## Summary
+
 This document covers how to contribute to the ACS project. ACS uses GitHub PRs to manage code contributions.
 These instructions assume you have a GitHub.com account, so if you don't have one you will have to create one. Your proposed code changes will be published to your own fork of the ACS project, and you will submit a Pull Request for your changes to be added.
 

INSTALL.md

@@ -26,9 +26,21 @@ or the developer [wiki](https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/CLOUDSTACK/H
 Apache CloudStack developers use various platforms for development, this guide
 was tested against a CentOS 7 x86_64 setup.
 
-* [Setting up development environment](https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/CLOUDSTACK/Setting+up+CloudStack+Development+Environment) for Apache CloudStack.
+<!-- START doctoc generated TOC please keep comment here to allow auto update -->
-* [Building](https://cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/CLOUDSTACK/How+to+build+CloudStack) Apache CloudStack.
+<!-- DON'T EDIT THIS SECTION, INSTEAD RE-RUN doctoc TO UPDATE -->
-* [Appliance based development](https://github.com/rhtyd/monkeybox)
+
+- [Setting up Development Environment](#setting-up-development-environment)
+  - [Using jenv and/or pyenv for Version Management](#using-jenv-andor-pyenv-for-version-management)
+- [Getting the Source Code](#getting-the-source-code)
+- [Building](#building)
+- [To bring up CloudStack UI](#to-bring-up-cloudstack-ui)
+- [Building with non-redistributable plugins](#building-with-non-redistributable-plugins)
+- [Packaging and Installation](#packaging-and-installation)
+  - [Debian/Ubuntu](#debianubuntu)
+  - [RHEL/CentOS](#rhelcentos)
+- [Notes](#notes)
+
+<!-- END doctoc generated TOC please keep comment here to allow auto update -->
 
 ## Setting up Development Environment
 

LICENSE

@@ -177,14 +177,14 @@ Copyright (c) 2014 The Apache Software Foundation
       of your accepting any such warranty or additional liability.
 
    END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
-            
+
 
 This distribution contains third party resources.
 Within the console-proxy/js directory
     licensed under the MIT License http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php  (as follows)
 
-            Copyright (c) 2009, John Resig 
+            Copyright (c) 2009, John Resig
-            
+
             Permission is hereby granted, free  of charge, to any person obtaining
             a  copy  of this  software  and  associated  documentation files  (the
             "Software"), to  deal in  the Software without  restriction, including
@@ -192,10 +192,10 @@ Within the console-proxy/js directory
             distribute,  sublicense, and/or sell  copies of  the Software,  and to
             permit persons to whom the Software  is furnished to do so, subject to
             the following conditions:
-            
+
             The  above  copyright  notice  and  this permission  notice  shall  be
             included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-            
+
             THE  SOFTWARE IS  PROVIDED  "AS  IS", WITHOUT  WARRANTY  OF ANY  KIND,
             EXPRESS OR  IMPLIED, INCLUDING  BUT NOT LIMITED  TO THE  WARRANTIES OF
             MERCHANTABILITY,    FITNESS    FOR    A   PARTICULAR    PURPOSE    AND
@@ -203,43 +203,43 @@ Within the console-proxy/js directory
             LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
             OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,  ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
             WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
-                        
+
-        from John Resig   
+        from John Resig
-            jquery.js 
+            jquery.js
 
 
 Within the systemvm/debian/etc directory
     placed in the public domain
-        by Adiscon GmbH  http://www.adiscon.com/ 
+        by Adiscon GmbH  http://www.adiscon.com/
-            rsyslog.conf 
+            rsyslog.conf
-        by Simon Kelley   
+        by Simon Kelley
-            dnsmasq.conf 
+            dnsmasq.conf
-            vpcdnsmasq.conf 
+            vpcdnsmasq.conf
 
 Within the systemvm/debian/etc/apache2 directory
     licensed under the Apache License, Version 2 http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt  (as above)
     Copyright (c) 2012 The Apache Software Foundation
-        from The Apache Software Foundation  http://www.apache.org/ 
+        from The Apache Software Foundation  http://www.apache.org/
-            httpd.conf 
+            httpd.conf
             vhost.template
 
 Within the systemvm/debian/etc/ssh/ directory
     licensed under the BSD (2-clause) http://www.opensource.org/licenses/BSD-2-Clause  (as follows)
- 
+
-            
+
             Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
             are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
-            
+
             Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list
             of  conditions and the following disclaimer. Redistributions in binary form must
             reproduce the above copyright notice, this list  of conditions and the following
             disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials  provided with the
             distribution.
-            
+
             Neither the name of the author nor the names of contributors may be used to
             endorse  or promote products derived from this software without specific prior
             written permission.
-            
+
             THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
             ANY  EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
             WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
@@ -250,55 +250,55 @@ Within the systemvm/debian/etc/ssh/ directory
             ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
             (INCLUDING  NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
             SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED  OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-                        
+
-        from OpenSSH Project  http://www.openssh.org/ 
+        from OpenSSH Project  http://www.openssh.org/
-            sshd_config 
+            sshd_config
 
 Within the systemvm/debian/root/redundant_router directory
     placed in the public domain
-        by The netfilter.org project  http://www.netfilter.org/ 
+        by The netfilter.org project  http://www.netfilter.org/
-            conntrackd.conf.templ 
+            conntrackd.conf.templ
 
 Within the scripts/storage/secondary directory
     licensed under the Apache License, Version 2 http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt  (as above)
     Copyright (c) 2010-2011 OpenStack, LLC.
-        from OpenStack, LLC  http://www.openstack.org 
+        from OpenStack, LLC  http://www.openstack.org
-            swift 
+            swift
 
 Within the scripts/vm/hypervisor/xenserver directory
     licensed under the Apache License, Version 2 http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt  (as above)
     Copyright (c) 2010-2011 OpenStack, LLC.
-        from OpenStack, LLC  http://www.openstack.org 
+        from OpenStack, LLC  http://www.openstack.org
-            swift 
+            swift
 
 Within the ui/lib directory
     placed in the public domain
-        by Eric Meyer  http://meyerweb.com/eric/ 
+        by Eric Meyer  http://meyerweb.com/eric/
             reset.css  from http://meyerweb.com/eric/tools/css/reset/
 
     licensed under the Apache License, Version 2 http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt  (as above)
     Copyright (c) 2006 Google Inc.
-        from Google Inc.  http://google.com 
+        from Google Inc.  http://google.com
             excanvas.js  from http://code.google.com/p/explorercanvas/
 
     licensed under the BSD (2-clause) http://www.opensource.org/licenses/BSD-2-Clause  (as follows)
 
             Copyright (c) 2008 George McGinley Smith
-            All rights reserved. 
+            All rights reserved.
-            
+
             Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,
             are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
-            
+
             Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list
             of  conditions and the following disclaimer. Redistributions in binary form must
             reproduce the above copyright notice, this list  of conditions and the following
             disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials  provided with the
             distribution.
-            
+
             Neither the name of the author nor the names of contributors may be used to
             endorse  or promote products derived from this software without specific prior
             written permission.
-            
+
             THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS" AND
             ANY  EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
             WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE
@@ -309,13 +309,13 @@ Within the ui/lib directory
             ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
             (INCLUDING  NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
             SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED  OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
-                        
+
-        from George McGinley Smith   
+        from George McGinley Smith
-            jquery.easing.js 
+            jquery.easing.js
 
     licensed under the MIT License http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php  (as follows)
- 
+
-            
+
             Permission is hereby granted, free  of charge, to any person obtaining
             a  copy  of this  software  and  associated  documentation files  (the
             "Software"), to  deal in  the Software without  restriction, including
@@ -323,10 +323,10 @@ Within the ui/lib directory
             distribute,  sublicense, and/or sell  copies of  the Software,  and to
             permit persons to whom the Software  is furnished to do so, subject to
             the following conditions:
-            
+
             The  above  copyright  notice  and  this permission  notice  shall  be
             included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-            
+
             THE  SOFTWARE IS  PROVIDED  "AS  IS", WITHOUT  WARRANTY  OF ANY  KIND,
             EXPRESS OR  IMPLIED, INCLUDING  BUT NOT LIMITED  TO THE  WARRANTIES OF
             MERCHANTABILITY,    FITNESS    FOR    A   PARTICULAR    PURPOSE    AND
@@ -334,14 +334,14 @@ Within the ui/lib directory
             LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
             OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,  ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
             WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
-                        
+
-        from The Dojo Foundation  http://dojofoundation.org/ 
+        from The Dojo Foundation  http://dojofoundation.org/
             require.js  from http://github.com/jrburke/requirejs
 
     licensed under the MIT License http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php  (as follows)
 
-            Copyright (c) 2011, John Resig 
+            Copyright (c) 2011, John Resig
-            
+
             Permission is hereby granted, free  of charge, to any person obtaining
             a  copy  of this  software  and  associated  documentation files  (the
             "Software"), to  deal in  the Software without  restriction, including
@@ -349,10 +349,10 @@ Within the ui/lib directory
             distribute,  sublicense, and/or sell  copies of  the Software,  and to
             permit persons to whom the Software  is furnished to do so, subject to
             the following conditions:
-            
+
             The  above  copyright  notice  and  this permission  notice  shall  be
             included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-            
+
             THE  SOFTWARE IS  PROVIDED  "AS  IS", WITHOUT  WARRANTY  OF ANY  KIND,
             EXPRESS OR  IMPLIED, INCLUDING  BUT NOT LIMITED  TO THE  WARRANTIES OF
             MERCHANTABILITY,    FITNESS    FOR    A   PARTICULAR    PURPOSE    AND
@@ -360,14 +360,14 @@ Within the ui/lib directory
             LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
             OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,  ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
             WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
-                        
+
-        from John Resig   
+        from John Resig
-            jquery.js 
+            jquery.js
 
     licensed under the MIT License http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php  (as follows)
 
             Copyright (c) 2014 Jörn Zaefferer
-            
+
             Permission is hereby granted, free  of charge, to any person obtaining
             a  copy  of this  software  and  associated  documentation files  (the
             "Software"), to  deal in  the Software without  restriction, including
@@ -375,10 +375,10 @@ Within the ui/lib directory
             distribute,  sublicense, and/or sell  copies of  the Software,  and to
             permit persons to whom the Software  is furnished to do so, subject to
             the following conditions:
-            
+
             The  above  copyright  notice  and  this permission  notice  shall  be
             included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-            
+
             THE  SOFTWARE IS  PROVIDED  "AS  IS", WITHOUT  WARRANTY  OF ANY  KIND,
             EXPRESS OR  IMPLIED, INCLUDING  BUT NOT LIMITED  TO THE  WARRANTIES OF
             MERCHANTABILITY,    FITNESS    FOR    A   PARTICULAR    PURPOSE    AND
@@ -386,9 +386,9 @@ Within the ui/lib directory
             LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
             OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,  ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
             WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
-                        
+
-        from Jorn Zaefferer   
+        from Jorn Zaefferer
-            jquery.validate.js 
+            jquery.validate.js
 
     licensed under the MIT License http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php  (as follows)
 
@@ -418,8 +418,8 @@ Within the ui/lib directory
 
     licensed under the MIT License http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php  (as follows)
 
-            Copyright (c) 2010, Sebastian Tschan 
+            Copyright (c) 2010, Sebastian Tschan
-            
+
             Permission is hereby granted, free  of charge, to any person obtaining
             a  copy  of this  software  and  associated  documentation files  (the
             "Software"), to  deal in  the Software without  restriction, including
@@ -427,10 +427,10 @@ Within the ui/lib directory
             distribute,  sublicense, and/or sell  copies of  the Software,  and to
             permit persons to whom the Software  is furnished to do so, subject to
             the following conditions:
-            
+
             The  above  copyright  notice  and  this permission  notice  shall  be
             included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-            
+
             THE  SOFTWARE IS  PROVIDED  "AS  IS", WITHOUT  WARRANTY  OF ANY  KIND,
             EXPRESS OR  IMPLIED, INCLUDING  BUT NOT LIMITED  TO THE  WARRANTIES OF
             MERCHANTABILITY,    FITNESS    FOR    A   PARTICULAR    PURPOSE    AND
@@ -438,14 +438,14 @@ Within the ui/lib directory
             LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
             OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,  ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
             WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
-                        
+
-        from Sebastian Tschan  https://blueimp.net 
+        from Sebastian Tschan  https://blueimp.net
-            jquery.md5.js 
+            jquery.md5.js
 
     licensed under the MIT License http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php  (as follows)
 
-            Copyright (c) 2006 Klaus Hartl (stilbuero.de) 
+            Copyright (c) 2006 Klaus Hartl (stilbuero.de)
-            
+
             Permission is hereby granted, free  of charge, to any person obtaining
             a  copy  of this  software  and  associated  documentation files  (the
             "Software"), to  deal in  the Software without  restriction, including
@@ -453,10 +453,10 @@ Within the ui/lib directory
             distribute,  sublicense, and/or sell  copies of  the Software,  and to
             permit persons to whom the Software  is furnished to do so, subject to
             the following conditions:
-            
+
             The  above  copyright  notice  and  this permission  notice  shall  be
             included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-            
+
             THE  SOFTWARE IS  PROVIDED  "AS  IS", WITHOUT  WARRANTY  OF ANY  KIND,
             EXPRESS OR  IMPLIED, INCLUDING  BUT NOT LIMITED  TO THE  WARRANTIES OF
             MERCHANTABILITY,    FITNESS    FOR    A   PARTICULAR    PURPOSE    AND
@@ -464,15 +464,15 @@ Within the ui/lib directory
             LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
             OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,  ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
             WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
-                        
+
-        from Klaus Hartl  http://stilbuero.de 
+        from Klaus Hartl  http://stilbuero.de
-            jquery.cookies.js 
+            jquery.cookies.js
 
 Within the ui/lib/flot directory
     licensed under the MIT License http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php  (as follows)
 
-            Released under the MIT license by IOLA, December 2007. 
+            Released under the MIT license by IOLA, December 2007.
-            
+
             Permission is hereby granted, free  of charge, to any person obtaining
             a  copy  of this  software  and  associated  documentation files  (the
             "Software"), to  deal in  the Software without  restriction, including
@@ -480,10 +480,10 @@ Within the ui/lib/flot directory
             distribute,  sublicense, and/or sell  copies of  the Software,  and to
             permit persons to whom the Software  is furnished to do so, subject to
             the following conditions:
-            
+
             The  above  copyright  notice  and  this permission  notice  shall  be
             included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-            
+
             THE  SOFTWARE IS  PROVIDED  "AS  IS", WITHOUT  WARRANTY  OF ANY  KIND,
             EXPRESS OR  IMPLIED, INCLUDING  BUT NOT LIMITED  TO THE  WARRANTIES OF
             MERCHANTABILITY,    FITNESS    FOR    A   PARTICULAR    PURPOSE    AND
@@ -491,24 +491,24 @@ Within the ui/lib/flot directory
             LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
             OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,  ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
             WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
-                        
+
-        from IOLA  http://www.iola.dk/ 
+        from IOLA  http://www.iola.dk/
-            jquery.flot.crosshair.js 
+            jquery.flot.crosshair.js
-            jquery.flot.fillbetween.js 
+            jquery.flot.fillbetween.js
-            jquery.flot.image.js 
+            jquery.flot.image.js
-            jquery.flot.js 
+            jquery.flot.js
-            jquery.flot.navigate.js 
+            jquery.flot.navigate.js
-            jquery.flot.resize.js 
+            jquery.flot.resize.js
-            jquery.flot.selection.js 
+            jquery.flot.selection.js
-            jquery.flot.stack.js 
+            jquery.flot.stack.js
-            jquery.flot.symbol.js 
+            jquery.flot.symbol.js
-            jquery.flot.threshold.js 
+            jquery.flot.threshold.js
 
     licensed under the MIT License http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php  (as follows)
 
             Created by Brian Medendorp, June 2009
-            Updated November 2009 with contributions from: btburnett3, Anthony Aragues and Xavi Ivars 
+            Updated November 2009 with contributions from: btburnett3, Anthony Aragues and Xavi Ivars
-            
+
             Permission is hereby granted, free  of charge, to any person obtaining
             a  copy  of this  software  and  associated  documentation files  (the
             "Software"), to  deal in  the Software without  restriction, including
@@ -516,10 +516,10 @@ Within the ui/lib/flot directory
             distribute,  sublicense, and/or sell  copies of  the Software,  and to
             permit persons to whom the Software  is furnished to do so, subject to
             the following conditions:
-            
+
             The  above  copyright  notice  and  this permission  notice  shall  be
             included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-            
+
             THE  SOFTWARE IS  PROVIDED  "AS  IS", WITHOUT  WARRANTY  OF ANY  KIND,
             EXPRESS OR  IMPLIED, INCLUDING  BUT NOT LIMITED  TO THE  WARRANTIES OF
             MERCHANTABILITY,    FITNESS    FOR    A   PARTICULAR    PURPOSE    AND
@@ -527,13 +527,13 @@ Within the ui/lib/flot directory
             LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
             OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,  ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
             WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
-                        
+
-        from Brian Medendorp   
+        from Brian Medendorp
-            jquery.pie.js 
+            jquery.pie.js
 
     licensed under the MIT License http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php  (as follows)
- 
+
-            
+
             Permission is hereby granted, free  of charge, to any person obtaining
             a  copy  of this  software  and  associated  documentation files  (the
             "Software"), to  deal in  the Software without  restriction, including
@@ -541,10 +541,10 @@ Within the ui/lib/flot directory
             distribute,  sublicense, and/or sell  copies of  the Software,  and to
             permit persons to whom the Software  is furnished to do so, subject to
             the following conditions:
-            
+
             The  above  copyright  notice  and  this permission  notice  shall  be
             included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-            
+
             THE  SOFTWARE IS  PROVIDED  "AS  IS", WITHOUT  WARRANTY  OF ANY  KIND,
             EXPRESS OR  IMPLIED, INCLUDING  BUT NOT LIMITED  TO THE  WARRANTIES OF
             MERCHANTABILITY,    FITNESS    FOR    A   PARTICULAR    PURPOSE    AND
@@ -552,14 +552,14 @@ Within the ui/lib/flot directory
             LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
             OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,  ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
             WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
-                        
+
-        from Ole Laursen   
+        from Ole Laursen
-            jquery.colorhelpers.js 
+            jquery.colorhelpers.js
 
 Within the ui/lib/jquery-ui directory
     licensed under the MIT License http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php  (as follows)
- 
+
-            
+
             Permission is hereby granted, free  of charge, to any person obtaining
             a  copy  of this  software  and  associated  documentation files  (the
             "Software"), to  deal in  the Software without  restriction, including
@@ -567,10 +567,10 @@ Within the ui/lib/jquery-ui directory
             distribute,  sublicense, and/or sell  copies of  the Software,  and to
             permit persons to whom the Software  is furnished to do so, subject to
             the following conditions:
-            
+
             The  above  copyright  notice  and  this permission  notice  shall  be
             included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-            
+
             THE  SOFTWARE IS  PROVIDED  "AS  IS", WITHOUT  WARRANTY  OF ANY  KIND,
             EXPRESS OR  IMPLIED, INCLUDING  BUT NOT LIMITED  TO THE  WARRANTIES OF
             MERCHANTABILITY,    FITNESS    FOR    A   PARTICULAR    PURPOSE    AND
@@ -578,17 +578,17 @@ Within the ui/lib/jquery-ui directory
             LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
             OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,  ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
             WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
-                        
+
-        from jQuery UI Developers  http://jqueryui.com/about 
+        from jQuery UI Developers  http://jqueryui.com/about
-            css/jquery-ui.css 
+            css/jquery-ui.css
-            index.html 
+            index.html
-            js/jquery-ui.js 
+            js/jquery-ui.js
 
 Within the ui/lib/qunit directory
     licensed under the MIT License http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php  (as follows)
 
-            Copyright (c) 2012 John Resig, Jörn Zaefferer 
+            Copyright (c) 2012 John Resig, Jörn Zaefferer
-            
+
             Permission is hereby granted, free  of charge, to any person obtaining
             a  copy  of this  software  and  associated  documentation files  (the
             "Software"), to  deal in  the Software without  restriction, including
@@ -596,10 +596,10 @@ Within the ui/lib/qunit directory
             distribute,  sublicense, and/or sell  copies of  the Software,  and to
             permit persons to whom the Software  is furnished to do so, subject to
             the following conditions:
-            
+
             The  above  copyright  notice  and  this permission  notice  shall  be
             included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-            
+
             THE  SOFTWARE IS  PROVIDED  "AS  IS", WITHOUT  WARRANTY  OF ANY  KIND,
             EXPRESS OR  IMPLIED, INCLUDING  BUT NOT LIMITED  TO THE  WARRANTIES OF
             MERCHANTABILITY,    FITNESS    FOR    A   PARTICULAR    PURPOSE    AND
@@ -607,20 +607,20 @@ Within the ui/lib/qunit directory
             LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
             OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE,  ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
             WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
-                        
+
-        from Jorn Zaefferer   
+        from Jorn Zaefferer
             qunit.css  from http://docs.jquery.com/QUnit
             qunit.js  from http://docs.jquery.com/QUnit
 
 Within the utils/src/main/java/com/cloud/utils/db directory
     licensed under the Apache License, Version 2 http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt  (as above)
     Copyright (c) 2004 Clinton Begin
-        from Clinton Begin  http://code.google.com/p/mybatis/ 
+        from Clinton Begin  http://code.google.com/p/mybatis/
             ScriptRunner.java  from http://code.google.com/p/mybatis/
 
 Within the utils/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/httpclient/contrib/ssl directory
     licensed under the Apache License, Version 2 http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0.txt  (as above)
     Copyright (c) 2007 The Apache Software Foundation
-        from The Apache Software Foundation  http://www.apache.org/ 
+        from The Apache Software Foundation  http://www.apache.org/
-            EasySSLProtocolSocketFactory.java 
+            EasySSLProtocolSocketFactory.java
-            EasyX509TrustManager.java 
+            EasyX509TrustManager.java

NOTICE

@@ -1,62 +1,62 @@
 Apache CloudStack
 Copyright 2014 The Apache Software Foundation
-  
+
   This product includes software developed at
   The Apache Software Foundation (http://www.apache.org/).
-      
 
 
-  
+
+
   This distribution contains third party resources requiring the following notices:
 
-    
+
-  For 
+  For
     jquery.js
-  
+
 
         jQuery JavaScript Library v1.3.2
         http://jquery.com/
-        
+
         Copyright (c) 2009 John Resig
         Dual licensed under the MIT and GPL licenses.
         http://docs.jquery.com/License
-        
+
         Date: 2009-02-19 17:34:21 -0500 (Thu, 19 Feb 2009)
         Revision: 6246
 
-    
+
-  For 
+  For
     jquery.js
-  
+
 
         jQuery JavaScript Library v1.6.4
         http://jquery.com/
-        
+
         Copyright 2011, John Resig
         Dual licensed under the MIT or GPL Version 2 licenses.
         http://jquery.org/license
-        
+
         Includes Sizzle.js
         http://sizzlejs.com/
         Copyright 2011, The Dojo Foundation
         Released under the MIT, BSD, and GPL Licenses.
-        
+
         Date: Mon Sep 12 18:54:48 2011 -0400
 
-    
+
-  For 
+  For
     jquery.md5.js
-  
+
 
         jQuery MD5 Plugin 1.2.1
         https://github.com/blueimp/jQuery-MD5
-        
+
         Copyright 2010, Sebastian Tschan
         https://blueimp.net
-        
+
         Licensed under the MIT license:
         http://creativecommons.org/licenses/MIT/
-        
+
         Based on
         A JavaScript implementation of the RSA Data Security, Inc. MD5 Message
         Digest Algorithm, as defined in RFC 1321.
@@ -65,15 +65,15 @@ Copyright 2014 The Apache Software Foundation
         Distributed under the BSD License
         See http://pajhome.org.uk/crypt/md5 for more info.
 
-    
+
-  For 
+  For
     jquery.colorhelpers.js
-  
+
 
         Plugin for jQuery for working with colors.
-        
+
         Version 1.1.
-        
+
         Inspiration from jQuery color animation plugin by John Resig.
-        
+
         Released under the MIT license by Ole Laursen, October 2009.

PRE_COMMIT.md

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 # pre-commit
 
 We run [pre-commit](https://pre-commit.com/) with
-[GitHub Actions](https://github.com/apache/cloudstack/blob/main/.github/workflows/linter.yml) so installation on your
+[GitHub Actions](https://github.com/apache/cloudstack/blob/main/.github/workflows/pre-commit.yml) so installation on your
 local machine is currently optional.
 
 The `pre-commit` [configuration file](https://github.com/apache/cloudstack/blob/main/.pre-commit-config.yaml)

README.md

@@ -31,6 +31,24 @@
 
 [![Apache CloudStack](tools/logo/apache_cloudstack.png)](https://cloudstack.apache.org/)
 
+<!-- START doctoc generated TOC please keep comment here to allow auto update -->
+<!-- DON'T EDIT THIS SECTION, INSTEAD RE-RUN doctoc TO UPDATE -->
+
+- [Who Uses CloudStack?](#who-uses-cloudstack)
+- [Demo](#demo)
+- [Getting Started](#getting-started)
+- [Getting Source Repository](#getting-source-repository)
+- [Documentation](#documentation)
+- [News and Events](#news-and-events)
+- [Getting Involved and Contributing](#getting-involved-and-contributing)
+- [Reporting Security Vulnerabilities](#reporting-security-vulnerabilities)
+- [License](#license)
+- [Notice of Cryptographic Software](#notice-of-cryptographic-software)
+- [Star History](#star-history)
+- [Contributors](#contributors)
+
+<!-- END doctoc generated TOC please keep comment here to allow auto update -->
+
 Apache CloudStack is open source software designed to deploy and manage large
 networks of virtual machines, as a highly available, highly scalable
 Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) cloud computing platform. CloudStack is used

agent/conf/uefi.properties.in

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+# or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+# distributed with this work for additional information
+# regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+# to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+# "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+# with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+# software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+# "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+# KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+# specific language governing permissions and limitations
+# under the License.
+
+# Configuration file for UEFI
+
+guest.nvram.template.legacy=@GUESTNVRAMTEMPLATELEGACY@
+guest.loader.legacy=@GUESTLOADERLEGACY@
+guest.nvram.template.secure=@GUESTNVRAMTEMPLATESECURE@
+guest.loader.secure=@GUESTLOADERSECURE@
+guest.nvram.path=@GUESTNVRAMPATH@

agent/pom.xml

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
     <parent>
         <groupId>org.apache.cloudstack</groupId>
         <artifactId>cloudstack</artifactId>
-        <version>4.22.0.0</version>
+        <version>4.23.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
     </parent>
     <dependencies>
         <dependency>

agent/src/main/java/com/cloud/agent/Agent.java

@@ -1322,7 +1322,6 @@ public class Agent implements HandlerFactory, IAgentControl, AgentStatusUpdater
                         processResponse((Response)request, task.getLink());
                     } else {
                         //put the requests from mgt server into another thread pool, as the request may take a longer time to finish. Don't block the NIO main thread pool
-                        //processRequest(request, task.getLink());
                         requestHandler.submit(new AgentRequestHandler(getType(), getLink(), request));
                     }
                 } catch (final ClassNotFoundException e) {
@@ -1332,13 +1331,14 @@ public class Agent implements HandlerFactory, IAgentControl, AgentStatusUpdater
                 }
             } else if (task.getType() == Task.Type.DISCONNECT) {
                 try {
-                    // an issue has been found if reconnect immediately after disconnecting. please refer to https://github.com/apache/cloudstack/issues/8517
+                    // an issue has been found if reconnect immediately after disconnecting.
                     // wait 5 seconds before reconnecting
+                    logger.debug("Wait for 5 secs before reconnecting, disconnect task - {}", () -> getLinkLog(task.getLink()));
                     Thread.sleep(5000);
                 } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                 }
                 shell.setConnectionTransfer(false);
-                logger.debug("Executing disconnect task - {}", () -> getLinkLog(task.getLink()));
+                logger.debug("Executing disconnect task - {} and reconnecting", () -> getLinkLog(task.getLink()));
                 reconnect(task.getLink());
             } else if (task.getType() == Task.Type.OTHER) {
                 processOtherTask(task);

agent/src/main/java/com/cloud/agent/properties/AgentProperties.java

@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ public class AgentProperties{
 
     /**
      * Local storage path.<br>
-     * This property allows multiple values to be entered in a single String. The differente values must be separated by commas.<br>
+     * This property allows multiple values to be entered in a single String. The different values must be separated by commas.<br>
      * Data type: String.<br>
      * Default value: <code>/var/lib/libvirt/images/</code>
      */
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ public class AgentProperties{
 
     /**
      * MANDATORY: The UUID for the local storage pool.<br>
-     * This property allows multiple values to be entered in a single String. The differente values must be separated by commas.<br>
+     * This property allows multiple values to be entered in a single String. The different values must be separated by commas.<br>
      * Data type: String.<br>
      * Default value: <code>null</code>
      */

agent/src/main/java/com/cloud/agent/resource/consoleproxy/ConsoleProxyResource.java

@@ -175,12 +175,12 @@ public class ConsoleProxyResource extends ServerResourceBase implements ServerRe
                 try {
                     is.close();
                 } catch (final IOException e) {
-                    logger.warn("Exception when closing , console proxy address : {}", proxyManagementIp);
+                    logger.warn("Exception when closing , console proxy address: {}", proxyManagementIp);
                     success = false;
                 }
             }
         } catch (final IOException e) {
-            logger.warn("Unable to open console proxy command port url, console proxy address : {}", proxyManagementIp);
+            logger.warn("Unable to open console proxy command port url, console proxy address: {}", proxyManagementIp);
             success = false;
         }
 

api/pom.xml

@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
     <parent>
         <groupId>org.apache.cloudstack</groupId>
         <artifactId>cloudstack</artifactId>
-        <version>4.22.0.0</version>
+        <version>4.23.0.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
     </parent>
     <dependencies>
         <dependency>

api/src/main/java/com/cloud/agent/api/storage/OVFHelper.java

@@ -119,8 +119,7 @@ public class OVFHelper {
         boolean password = StringUtils.isNotBlank(passStr) && passStr.equalsIgnoreCase("true");
         String label = ovfParser.getChildNodeValue(node, "Label");
         String description = ovfParser.getChildNodeValue(node, "Description");
-        logger.debug("Creating OVF property index " + index + (category == null ? "" : " for category " + category)
+        logger.debug("Creating OVF property index {} {} with key = {}", index, (category == null ? "" : " for category " + category), key);
-                + " with key = " + key);
         return new OVFPropertyTO(key, type, value, qualifiers, userConfigurable,
                 label, description, password, index, category);
     }
@@ -152,7 +151,7 @@ public class OVFHelper {
                     if (child.getNodeName().equalsIgnoreCase("Category") ||
                             child.getNodeName().endsWith(":Category")) {
                         lastCategoryFound = child.getTextContent();
-                        logger.info("Category found " + lastCategoryFound);
+                        logger.info("Category found {}", lastCategoryFound);
                     } else if (child.getNodeName().equalsIgnoreCase("Property") ||
                             child.getNodeName().endsWith(":Property")) {
                         OVFPropertyTO prop = createOVFPropertyFromNode(child, propertyIndex, lastCategoryFound);
@@ -250,13 +249,13 @@ public class OVFHelper {
         int diskNumber = 0;
         for (OVFVirtualHardwareItemTO diskItem : diskHardwareItems) {
             if (StringUtils.isBlank(diskItem.getHostResource())) {
-                logger.error("Missing disk information for hardware item " + diskItem.getElementName() + " " + diskItem.getInstanceId());
+                logger.error("Missing disk information for hardware item {} {}", diskItem.getElementName(), diskItem.getInstanceId());
                 continue;
             }
             String diskId = extractDiskIdFromDiskHostResource(diskItem.getHostResource());
             OVFDisk diskDefinition = getDiskDefinitionFromDiskId(diskId, disks);
             if (diskDefinition == null) {
-                logger.error("Missing disk definition for disk ID " + diskId);
+                logger.error("Missing disk definition for disk ID {}", diskId);
             }
             OVFFile fileDefinition = getFileDefinitionFromDiskDefinition(diskDefinition._fileRef, files);
             DatadiskTO datadiskTO = generateDiskTO(fileDefinition, diskDefinition, ovfParentPath, diskNumber, diskItem);
@@ -278,8 +277,8 @@ public class OVFHelper {
         if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(path)) {
             File f = new File(path);
             if (!f.exists() || f.isDirectory()) {
-                logger.error("One of the attached disk or iso does not exists " + path);
+                logger.error("One of the attached disk or ISOs does not exists {}", path);
-                throw new InternalErrorException("One of the attached disk or iso as stated on OVF does not exists " + path);
+                throw new InternalErrorException("One of the attached disk or ISOs as stated on OVF does not exists " + path);
             }
         }
         Long capacity = disk != null ? disk._capacity : file._size;
@@ -334,9 +333,7 @@ public class OVFHelper {
             od._controller = getControllerType(items, od._diskId);
             vd.add(od);
         }
-        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
+        logger.trace("Found {} disk definitions", vd.size());
-            logger.trace(String.format("found %d disk definitions",vd.size()));
-        }
         return vd;
     }
 
@@ -366,9 +363,7 @@ public class OVFHelper {
                 vf.add(of);
             }
         }
-        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
+        logger.trace("Found {} file definitions in {}", vf.size(), ovfFile.getPath());
-            logger.trace(String.format("found %d file definitions in %s",vf.size(), ovfFile.getPath()));
-        }
         return vf;
     }
 
@@ -506,7 +501,7 @@ public class OVFHelper {
             outfile.write(writer.toString());
             outfile.close();
         } catch (IOException | TransformerException e) {
-            logger.info("Unexpected exception caught while rewriting OVF:" + e.getMessage(), e);
+            logger.info("Unexpected exception caught while rewriting OVF: {}", e.getMessage(), e);
             throw new CloudRuntimeException(e);
         }
     }
@@ -522,9 +517,7 @@ public class OVFHelper {
 
     public List<OVFNetworkTO> getNetPrerequisitesFromDocument(Document doc) throws InternalErrorException {
         if (doc == null) {
-            if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
+            logger.trace("No document to parse; returning no prerequisite networks");
-                logger.trace("no document to parse; returning no prerequisite networks");
-            }
             return Collections.emptyList();
         }
 
@@ -540,9 +533,7 @@ public class OVFHelper {
     private void matchNicsToNets(Map<String, OVFNetworkTO> nets, Node systemElement) {
         final DocumentTraversal traversal = (DocumentTraversal) systemElement;
         final NodeIterator iterator = traversal.createNodeIterator(systemElement, NodeFilter.SHOW_ELEMENT, null, true);
-        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
+        logger.trace("Starting out with {} network-prerequisites, parsing hardware", nets.size());
-            logger.trace(String.format("starting out with %d network-prerequisites, parsing hardware",nets.size()));
-        }
         int nicCount = 0;
         for (Node n = iterator.nextNode(); n != null; n = iterator.nextNode()) {
             final Element e = (Element) n;
@@ -550,9 +541,7 @@ public class OVFHelper {
                 nicCount++;
                 String name = e.getTextContent(); // should be in our nets
                 if(nets.get(name) == null) {
-                    if(logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
+                    logger.info("Found a NIC definition without a Network definition by name {}, adding it to the list.", name);
-                        logger.info(String.format("found a nic definition without a network definition byname %s, adding it to the list.", name));
-                    }
                     nets.put(name, new OVFNetworkTO());
                 }
                 OVFNetworkTO thisNet = nets.get(name);
@@ -561,9 +550,7 @@ public class OVFHelper {
                 }
             }
         }
-        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
+        logger.trace("Ending up with {} network-prerequisites, parsed {} nics", nets.size(), nicCount);
-            logger.trace(String.format("ending up with %d network-prerequisites, parsed %d nics", nets.size(), nicCount));
-        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -585,7 +572,7 @@ public class OVFHelper {
             int addressOnParent = Integer.parseInt(addressOnParentStr);
             nic.setAddressOnParent(addressOnParent);
         } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
-            logger.warn("Encountered element of type \"AddressOnParent\", that could not be parse to an integer number: " + addressOnParentStr);
+            logger.warn("Encountered element of type \"AddressOnParent\", that could not be parse to an integer number: {}", addressOnParentStr);
         }
 
         boolean automaticAllocation = StringUtils.isNotBlank(automaticAllocationStr) && Boolean.parseBoolean(automaticAllocationStr);
@@ -597,7 +584,7 @@ public class OVFHelper {
             int instanceId = Integer.parseInt(instanceIdStr);
             nic.setInstanceID(instanceId);
         } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
-            logger.warn("Encountered element of type \"InstanceID\", that could not be parse to an integer number: " + instanceIdStr);
+            logger.warn("Encountered element of type \"InstanceID\", that could not be parse to an integer number: {}", instanceIdStr);
         }
 
         nic.setResourceSubType(resourceSubType);
@@ -630,9 +617,7 @@ public class OVFHelper {
 
             nets.put(networkName,network);
         }
-        if (logger.isTraceEnabled()) {
+        logger.trace("Found {} Networks in Template", nets.size());
-            logger.trace(String.format("found %d networks in template", nets.size()));
-        }
         return nets;
     }
 
@@ -771,7 +756,7 @@ public class OVFHelper {
             try {
                 return Long.parseLong(value);
             } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
-                logger.debug("Could not parse the value: " + value + ", ignoring it");
+                logger.debug("Could not parse the value: {}, ignoring it", value);
             }
         }
         return null;
@@ -782,7 +767,7 @@ public class OVFHelper {
             try {
                 return Integer.parseInt(value);
             } catch (NumberFormatException e) {
-                logger.debug("Could not parse the value: " + value + ", ignoring it");
+                logger.debug("Could not parse the value: {}, ignoring it", value);
             }
         }
         return null;
@@ -820,7 +805,7 @@ public class OVFHelper {
                 try {
                     compressedLicense = compressOVFEula(eulaLicense);
                 } catch (IOException e) {
-                    logger.error("Could not compress the license for info " + eulaInfo);
+                    logger.error("Could not compress the license for info {}", eulaInfo);
                     continue;
                 }
                 OVFEulaSectionTO eula = new OVFEulaSectionTO(eulaInfo, compressedLicense, eulaIndex);

api/src/main/java/com/cloud/agent/api/storage/OVFParser.java

@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ public class OVFParser {
             documentBuilderFactory.setNamespaceAware(true);
             documentBuilder = documentBuilderFactory.newDocumentBuilder();
         } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {
-            logger.error("Cannot start the OVF parser: " + e.getMessage(), e);
+            logger.error("Cannot start the OVF parser: {}", e.getMessage(), e);
         }
     }
 
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ public class OVFParser {
         try {
             return documentBuilder.parse(new File(ovfFilePath));
         } catch (SAXException | IOException e) {
-            logger.error("Error parsing " + ovfFilePath + " " + e.getMessage(), e);
+            logger.error("Error parsing {} {}", ovfFilePath, e.getMessage(), e);
             return null;
         }
     }

api/src/main/java/com/cloud/agent/api/to/VirtualMachineMetadataTO.java

@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+// or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+// distributed with this work for additional information
+// regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+// to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+// "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+// with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+// software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+// "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+// KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+// specific language governing permissions and limitations
+// under the License.
+package com.cloud.agent.api.to;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+
+public class VirtualMachineMetadataTO {
+    // VM details
+    private final String name;
+    private final String internalName;
+    private final String displayName;
+    private final String instanceUuid;
+    private final Integer cpuCores;
+    private final Integer memory;
+    private final Long created;
+    private final Long started;
+
+    // Owner details
+    private final String ownerDomainUuid;
+    private final String ownerDomainName;
+    private final String ownerAccountUuid;
+    private final String ownerAccountName;
+    private final String ownerProjectUuid;
+    private final String ownerProjectName;
+
+    // Host and service offering
+    private final String serviceOfferingName;
+    private final List<String> serviceOfferingHostTags;
+
+    // zone, pod, and cluster details
+    private final String zoneName;
+    private final String zoneUuid;
+    private final String podName;
+    private final String podUuid;
+    private final String clusterName;
+    private final String clusterUuid;
+
+    // resource tags
+    private final Map<String, String> resourceTags;
+
+    public VirtualMachineMetadataTO(
+            String name, String internalName, String displayName, String instanceUuid, Integer cpuCores, Integer memory, Long created, Long started,
+            String ownerDomainUuid, String ownerDomainName, String ownerAccountUuid, String ownerAccountName, String ownerProjectUuid, String ownerProjectName,
+            String serviceOfferingName, List<String> serviceOfferingHostTags,
+            String zoneName, String zoneUuid, String podName, String podUuid, String clusterName, String clusterUuid, Map<String, String> resourceTags) {
+        /*
+        * Something failed in the metadata shall not be a fatal error, the VM can still be started
+        * Thus, the unknown fields just get an explicit "unknown" value so it can be fixed in case
+        * there are bugs on some execution paths.
+        * */
+
+        this.name = (name != null) ? name : "unknown";
+        this.internalName = (internalName != null) ? internalName : "unknown";
+        this.displayName = (displayName != null) ? displayName : "unknown";
+        this.instanceUuid = (instanceUuid != null) ? instanceUuid : "unknown";
+        this.cpuCores = (cpuCores != null) ? cpuCores : -1;
+        this.memory = (memory != null) ? memory : -1;
+        this.created = (created != null) ? created : 0;
+        this.started = (started != null) ? started : 0;
+        this.ownerDomainUuid = (ownerDomainUuid != null) ? ownerDomainUuid : "unknown";
+        this.ownerDomainName = (ownerDomainName != null) ? ownerDomainName : "unknown";
+        this.ownerAccountUuid = (ownerAccountUuid != null) ? ownerAccountUuid : "unknown";
+        this.ownerAccountName = (ownerAccountName != null) ? ownerAccountName : "unknown";
+        this.ownerProjectUuid = (ownerProjectUuid != null) ? ownerProjectUuid : "unknown";
+        this.ownerProjectName = (ownerProjectName != null) ? ownerProjectName : "unknown";
+        this.serviceOfferingName = (serviceOfferingName != null) ? serviceOfferingName : "unknown";
+        this.serviceOfferingHostTags = (serviceOfferingHostTags != null) ? serviceOfferingHostTags : new ArrayList<>();
+        this.zoneName = (zoneName != null) ? zoneName : "unknown";
+        this.zoneUuid = (zoneUuid != null) ? zoneUuid : "unknown";
+        this.podName = (podName != null) ? podName : "unknown";
+        this.podUuid = (podUuid != null) ? podUuid : "unknown";
+        this.clusterName = (clusterName != null) ? clusterName : "unknown";
+        this.clusterUuid = (clusterUuid != null) ? clusterUuid : "unknown";
+
+        this.resourceTags = (resourceTags != null) ? resourceTags : new HashMap<>();
+    }
+
+    public String getName() {
+        return name;
+    }
+
+    public String getInternalName() {
+        return internalName;
+    }
+
+    public String getDisplayName() {
+        return displayName;
+    }
+
+    public String getInstanceUuid() {
+        return instanceUuid;
+    }
+
+    public Integer getCpuCores() {
+        return cpuCores;
+    }
+
+    public Integer getMemory() {
+        return memory;
+    }
+
+    public Long getCreated() { return created; }
+
+    public Long getStarted() {
+        return started;
+    }
+
+    public String getOwnerDomainUuid() {
+        return ownerDomainUuid;
+    }
+
+    public String getOwnerDomainName() {
+        return ownerDomainName;
+    }
+
+    public String getOwnerAccountUuid() {
+        return ownerAccountUuid;
+    }
+
+    public String getOwnerAccountName() {
+        return ownerAccountName;
+    }
+
+    public String getOwnerProjectUuid() {
+        return ownerProjectUuid;
+    }
+
+    public String getOwnerProjectName() {
+        return ownerProjectName;
+    }
+
+    public String getserviceOfferingName() {
+        return serviceOfferingName;
+    }
+
+    public List<String> getserviceOfferingHostTags() {
+        return serviceOfferingHostTags;
+    }
+
+    public String getZoneName() {
+        return zoneName;
+    }
+
+    public String getZoneUuid() {
+        return zoneUuid;
+    }
+
+    public String getPodName() {
+        return podName;
+    }
+
+    public String getPodUuid() {
+        return podUuid;
+    }
+
+    public String getClusterName() {
+        return clusterName;
+    }
+
+    public String getClusterUuid() {
+        return clusterUuid;
+    }
+
+    public Map<String, String> getResourceTags() { return resourceTags; }
+}

api/src/main/java/com/cloud/agent/api/to/VirtualMachineTO.java

@@ -89,6 +89,7 @@ public class VirtualMachineTO {
     private DeployAsIsInfoTO deployAsIsInfo;
     private String metadataManufacturer;
     private String metadataProductName;
+    private VirtualMachineMetadataTO metadata;
 
     public VirtualMachineTO(long id, String instanceName, VirtualMachine.Type type, int cpus, Integer speed, long minRam, long maxRam, BootloaderType bootloader,
             String os, boolean enableHA, boolean limitCpuUse, String vncPassword) {
@@ -494,6 +495,14 @@ public class VirtualMachineTO {
         this.metadataProductName = metadataProductName;
     }
 
+    public VirtualMachineMetadataTO getMetadata() {
+        return metadata;
+    }
+
+    public void setMetadata(VirtualMachineMetadataTO metadata) {
+        this.metadata = metadata;
+    }
+
     @Override
     public String toString() {
         return String.format("VM {id: \"%s\", name: \"%s\", uuid: \"%s\", type: \"%s\"}", id, name, uuid, type);

api/src/main/java/com/cloud/api/commands/ListRecurringSnapshotScheduleCmd.java

@@ -35,10 +35,10 @@ public class ListRecurringSnapshotScheduleCmd extends BaseListCmd {
     //////////////// API parameters /////////////////////
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.SNAPSHOT_POLICY_ID, type = CommandType.LONG, description = "lists recurring snapshots by snapshot policy ID")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.SNAPSHOT_POLICY_ID, type = CommandType.LONG, description = "Lists recurring Snapshots by Snapshot policy ID")
     private Long snapshotPolicyId;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.VOLUME_ID, type = CommandType.LONG, required = true, description = "list recurring snapshots by volume ID")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.VOLUME_ID, type = CommandType.LONG, required = true, description = "List recurring Snapshots by volume ID")
     private Long volumeId;
 
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////

api/src/main/java/com/cloud/cpu/CPU.java

@@ -22,7 +22,8 @@ public class CPU {
     public enum CPUArch {
         x86("i686", 32),
         amd64("x86_64", 64),
-        arm64("aarch64", 64);
+        arm64("aarch64", 64),
+        s390x("s390x", 64);
 
         private final String type;
         private final int bits;

api/src/main/java/com/cloud/deploy/DeploymentClusterPlanner.java

@@ -62,11 +62,11 @@ public interface DeploymentClusterPlanner extends DeploymentPlanner {
             "vm.allocation.algorithm",
             "Advanced",
             "random",
-            "Order in which hosts within a cluster will be considered for VM allocation. The value can be 'random', 'firstfit', 'userdispersing', 'userconcentratedpod_random', 'userconcentratedpod_firstfit', or 'firstfitleastconsumed'.",
+            "Order in which hosts within a cluster will be considered for VM allocation. The value can be 'random', 'firstfit', 'userdispersing', or 'firstfitleastconsumed'.",
             true,
             ConfigKey.Scope.Global, null, null, null, null, null,
             ConfigKey.Kind.Select,
-            "random,firstfit,userdispersing,userconcentratedpod_random,userconcentratedpod_firstfit,firstfitleastconsumed");
+            "random,firstfit,userdispersing,firstfitleastconsumed");
 
     /**
      * This is called to determine list of possible clusters where a virtual

api/src/main/java/com/cloud/deploy/DeploymentPlanner.java

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ public interface DeploymentPlanner extends Adapter {
     boolean canHandle(VirtualMachineProfile vm, DeploymentPlan plan, ExcludeList avoid);
 
     public enum AllocationAlgorithm {
-        random, firstfit, userdispersing, userconcentratedpod_random, userconcentratedpod_firstfit;
+        random, firstfit, userdispersing;
     }
 
     public enum PlannerResourceUsage {

api/src/main/java/com/cloud/event/EventTypes.java

@@ -503,6 +503,7 @@ public class EventTypes {
     public static final String EVENT_S2S_VPN_CUSTOMER_GATEWAY_CREATE = "VPN.S2S.CUSTOMER.GATEWAY.CREATE";
     public static final String EVENT_S2S_VPN_CUSTOMER_GATEWAY_DELETE = "VPN.S2S.CUSTOMER.GATEWAY.DELETE";
     public static final String EVENT_S2S_VPN_CUSTOMER_GATEWAY_UPDATE = "VPN.S2S.CUSTOMER.GATEWAY.UPDATE";
+    public static final String EVENT_S2S_VPN_GATEWAY_OBSOLETE_PARAMS = "VPN.S2S.GATEWAY.OBSOLETE.PARAMS";
     public static final String EVENT_S2S_VPN_CONNECTION_CREATE = "VPN.S2S.CONNECTION.CREATE";
     public static final String EVENT_S2S_VPN_CONNECTION_DELETE = "VPN.S2S.CONNECTION.DELETE";
     public static final String EVENT_S2S_VPN_CONNECTION_RESET = "VPN.S2S.CONNECTION.RESET";
@@ -1151,6 +1152,7 @@ public class EventTypes {
         entityEventDetails.put(EVENT_S2S_VPN_CUSTOMER_GATEWAY_CREATE, Site2SiteCustomerGateway.class);
         entityEventDetails.put(EVENT_S2S_VPN_CUSTOMER_GATEWAY_DELETE, Site2SiteCustomerGateway.class);
         entityEventDetails.put(EVENT_S2S_VPN_CUSTOMER_GATEWAY_UPDATE, Site2SiteCustomerGateway.class);
+        entityEventDetails.put(EVENT_S2S_VPN_GATEWAY_OBSOLETE_PARAMS, Site2SiteCustomerGateway.class);
         entityEventDetails.put(EVENT_S2S_VPN_CONNECTION_CREATE, Site2SiteVpnConnection.class);
         entityEventDetails.put(EVENT_S2S_VPN_CONNECTION_DELETE, Site2SiteVpnConnection.class);
         entityEventDetails.put(EVENT_S2S_VPN_CONNECTION_RESET, Site2SiteVpnConnection.class);

api/src/main/java/com/cloud/host/HostStats.java

@@ -36,5 +36,4 @@ public interface HostStats {
     public HostStats getHostStats();
 
     public double getLoadAverage();
-    // public double getXapiMemoryUsageKBs();
 }

api/src/main/java/com/cloud/network/Ipv6Service.java

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ public interface Ipv6Service extends PluggableService, Configurable {
     static final ConfigKey<Boolean> Ipv6OfferingCreationEnabled = new ConfigKey<Boolean>("Advanced", Boolean.class,
             "ipv6.offering.enabled",
             "false",
-            "Indicates whether creation of IPv6 network/VPC offering is enabled or not.",
+            "Indicates whether creation of IPv6 Network/VPC offering is enabled or not.",
             true);
 
     static final ConfigKey<Integer> Ipv6PrefixSubnetCleanupInterval = new ConfigKey<Integer>("Advanced", Integer.class,

api/src/main/java/com/cloud/network/Network.java

@@ -325,9 +325,9 @@ public interface Network extends ControlledEntity, StateObject<Network.State>, I
 
     public enum State {
 
-        Allocated("Indicates the network configuration is in allocated but not setup"), Setup("Indicates the network configuration is setup"), Implementing(
+        Allocated("Indicates the Network configuration is in allocated but not setup"), Setup("Indicates the Network configuration is setup"), Implementing(
-                "Indicates the network configuration is being implemented"), Implemented("Indicates the network configuration is in use"), Shutdown(
+                "Indicates the Network configuration is being implemented"), Implemented("Indicates the Network configuration is in use"), Shutdown(
-                "Indicates the network configuration is being destroyed"), Destroy("Indicates that the network is destroyed");
+                "Indicates the Network configuration is being destroyed"), Destroy("Indicates that the Network is destroyed");
 
         protected static final StateMachine2<State, Network.Event, Network> s_fsm = new StateMachine2<State, Network.Event, Network>();
 

api/src/main/java/com/cloud/network/NetworkModel.java

@@ -125,6 +125,10 @@ public interface NetworkModel {
      */
     String getNextAvailableMacAddressInNetwork(long networkConfigurationId) throws InsufficientAddressCapacityException;
 
+    String getUniqueMacAddress(long macAddress, long networkId, long datacenterId) throws InsufficientAddressCapacityException;
+
+    boolean isMACUnique(String mac, long networkId);
+
     PublicIpAddress getPublicIpAddress(long ipAddressId);
 
     List<? extends Vlan> listPodVlans(long podId);
@@ -364,4 +368,8 @@ public interface NetworkModel {
 
     boolean checkSecurityGroupSupportForNetwork(Account account, DataCenter zone, List<Long> networkIds,
                                                 List<Long> securityGroupsIds);
+
+    default long getMacIdentifier(Long dataCenterId) {
+        return 0;
+    }
 }

api/src/main/java/com/cloud/network/NetworkService.java

@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ public interface NetworkService {
             true, ConfigKey.Scope.Zone);
 
     public static final ConfigKey<Boolean> AllowUsersToSpecifyVRMtu = new ConfigKey<>("Advanced", Boolean.class,
-            "allow.end.users.to.specify.vr.mtu", "false", "Allow end users to specify VR MTU",
+            "allow.end.users.to.specify.vr.mtu", "false", "Allow end Users to specify VR MTU",
             true, ConfigKey.Scope.Zone);
 
     List<? extends Network> getIsolatedNetworksOwnedByAccountInZone(long zoneId, Account owner);

api/src/main/java/com/cloud/network/Networks.java

@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ public class Networks {
             }
             @Override
             public String getValueFrom(URI uri) {
-                return uri.getAuthority();
+                return uri == null ? null : uri.getAuthority();
             }
         },
         Vswitch("vs", String.class), LinkLocal(null, null), Vnet("vnet", Long.class), Storage("storage", Integer.class), Lswitch("lswitch", String.class) {
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ public class Networks {
              */
             @Override
             public String getValueFrom(URI uri) {
-                return uri.getSchemeSpecificPart();
+                return uri == null ? null : uri.getSchemeSpecificPart();
             }
         },
         Mido("mido", String.class), Pvlan("pvlan", String.class),
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ public class Networks {
          * @return the scheme as BroadcastDomainType
          */
         public static BroadcastDomainType getSchemeValue(URI uri) {
-            return toEnumValue(uri.getScheme());
+            return toEnumValue(uri == null ? null : uri.getScheme());
         }
 
         /**
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ public class Networks {
             if (com.cloud.dc.Vlan.UNTAGGED.equalsIgnoreCase(str)) {
                 return Native;
             }
-            return getSchemeValue(new URI(str));
+            return getSchemeValue(str == null ? null : new URI(str));
         }
 
         /**
@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ public class Networks {
          * @return the host part as String
          */
         public String getValueFrom(URI uri) {
-            return uri.getHost();
+            return uri == null ? null : uri.getHost();
         }
 
         /**
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ public class Networks {
          * @throws URISyntaxException the string is not even an uri
          */
         public static String getValue(String uriString) throws URISyntaxException {
-            return getValue(new URI(uriString));
+            return getValue(uriString == null ? null : new URI(uriString));
         }
 
         /**

api/src/main/java/com/cloud/network/PhysicalNetworkTrafficType.java

@@ -41,4 +41,6 @@ public interface PhysicalNetworkTrafficType extends InternalIdentity, Identity {
     String getHypervNetworkLabel();
 
     String getOvm3NetworkLabel();
+
+    String getVlan();
 }

api/src/main/java/com/cloud/network/as/AutoScaleVmGroup.java

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ public interface AutoScaleVmGroup extends ControlledEntity, InternalIdentity, Di
             } else if (state.equalsIgnoreCase("scaling")) {
                 return SCALING;
             } else {
-                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unexpected AutoScale VM group state : " + state);
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unexpected AutoScale Instance group state : " + state);
             }
         }
     }

api/src/main/java/com/cloud/network/rules/LbStickinessMethod.java

@@ -108,8 +108,7 @@ public class LbStickinessMethod {
     }
 
     public void addParam(String name, Boolean required, String description, Boolean isFlag) {
-        /* FIXME : UI is breaking if the capability string length is larger , temporarily description is commented out */
+        /* is this still a valid comment: FIXME : UI is breaking if the capability string length is larger , temporarily description is commented out */
-        // LbStickinessMethodParam param = new LbStickinessMethodParam(name, required, description);
         LbStickinessMethodParam param = new LbStickinessMethodParam(name, required, " ", isFlag);
         _paramList.add(param);
         return;
@@ -133,7 +132,6 @@ public class LbStickinessMethod {
 
     public void setDescription(String description) {
         /* FIXME : UI is breaking if the capability string length is larger , temporarily description is commented out */
-        //this.description = description;
         this._description = " ";
     }
 }

api/src/main/java/com/cloud/server/ManagementService.java

@@ -77,6 +77,8 @@ import com.cloud.alert.Alert;
 import com.cloud.capacity.Capacity;
 import com.cloud.dc.Pod;
 import com.cloud.dc.Vlan;
+import com.cloud.deploy.DeploymentPlan;
+import com.cloud.deploy.DeploymentPlanner.ExcludeList;
 import com.cloud.exception.ConcurrentOperationException;
 import com.cloud.exception.ManagementServerException;
 import com.cloud.exception.ResourceUnavailableException;
@@ -97,6 +99,7 @@ import com.cloud.utils.Ternary;
 import com.cloud.vm.InstanceGroup;
 import com.cloud.vm.VirtualMachine;
 import com.cloud.vm.VirtualMachine.Type;
+import com.cloud.vm.VirtualMachineProfile;
 
 /**
  * Hopefully this is temporary.
@@ -478,6 +481,19 @@ public interface ManagementService {
 
     Ternary<Pair<List<? extends Host>, Integer>, List<? extends Host>, Map<Host, Boolean>> listHostsForMigrationOfVM(VirtualMachine vm, Long startIndex, Long pageSize, String keyword, List<VirtualMachine> vmList);
 
+    /**
+     * Apply affinity group constraints and other exclusion rules for VM migration.
+     * This is a helper method that can be used independently for per-iteration affinity checks in DRS.
+     *
+     * @param vm The virtual machine to migrate
+     * @param vmProfile The VM profile
+     * @param plan The deployment plan
+     * @param vmList List of VMs with current/simulated placements for affinity processing
+     * @return ExcludeList containing hosts to avoid
+     */
+    ExcludeList applyAffinityConstraints(VirtualMachine vm, VirtualMachineProfile vmProfile,
+            DeploymentPlan plan, List<VirtualMachine> vmList);
+
     /**
      * List storage pools for live migrating of a volume. The API returns list of all pools in the cluster to which the
      * volume can be migrated. Current pool is not included in the list. In case of vSphere datastore cluster storage pools,

api/src/main/java/com/cloud/storage/Storage.java

@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ public class Storage {
     public static enum TemplateType {
         ROUTING, // Router template
         SYSTEM, /* routing, system vm template */
-        BUILTIN, /* buildin template */
+        BUILTIN, /* builtin template */
         PERHOST, /* every host has this template, don't need to install it in secondary storage */
         USER, /* User supplied template/iso */
         VNF,    /* VNFs (virtual network functions) template */

api/src/main/java/com/cloud/user/AccountService.java

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ import org.apache.cloudstack.acl.RoleType;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.acl.SecurityChecker.AccessType;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.api.command.admin.account.CreateAccountCmd;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.api.command.admin.user.GetUserKeysCmd;
-import org.apache.cloudstack.api.command.admin.user.RegisterCmd;
+import org.apache.cloudstack.api.command.admin.user.RegisterUserKeyCmd;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.api.command.admin.user.UpdateUserCmd;
 
 import com.cloud.dc.DataCenter;
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ import com.cloud.offering.DiskOffering;
 import com.cloud.offering.NetworkOffering;
 import com.cloud.offering.ServiceOffering;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.auth.UserTwoFactorAuthenticator;
+import org.apache.cloudstack.backup.BackupOffering;
 
 public interface AccountService {
 
@@ -95,7 +96,7 @@ public interface AccountService {
 
     void markUserRegistered(long userId);
 
-    public String[] createApiKeyAndSecretKey(RegisterCmd cmd);
+    public String[] createApiKeyAndSecretKey(RegisterUserKeyCmd cmd);
 
     public String[] createApiKeyAndSecretKey(final long userId);
 
@@ -115,6 +116,8 @@ public interface AccountService {
 
     void checkAccess(Account account, VpcOffering vof, DataCenter zone) throws PermissionDeniedException;
 
+    void checkAccess(Account account, BackupOffering bof) throws PermissionDeniedException;
+
     void checkAccess(User user, ControlledEntity entity);
 
     void checkAccess(Account account, AccessType accessType, boolean sameOwner, String apiName, ControlledEntity... entities) throws PermissionDeniedException;

api/src/main/java/com/cloud/user/ResourceLimitService.java

@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ import com.cloud.template.VirtualMachineTemplate;
 public interface ResourceLimitService {
 
     static final ConfigKey<Long> MaxAccountSecondaryStorage = new ConfigKey<>("Account Defaults", Long.class, "max.account.secondary.storage", "400",
-            "The default maximum secondary storage space (in GiB) that can be used for an account", false);
+            "The default maximum secondary storage space (in GiB) that can be used for an Account", false);
     static final ConfigKey<Long> MaxProjectSecondaryStorage = new ConfigKey<>("Project Defaults", Long.class, "max.project.secondary.storage", "400",
             "The default maximum secondary storage space (in GiB) that can be used for a project", false);
     static final ConfigKey<Long> ResourceCountCheckInterval = new ConfigKey<>("Advanced", Long.class, "resourcecount.check.interval", "300",

api/src/main/java/com/cloud/vm/VmDetailConstants.java

@@ -55,6 +55,9 @@ public interface VmDetailConstants {
     String NIC_MULTIQUEUE_NUMBER = "nic.multiqueue.number";
     String NIC_PACKED_VIRTQUEUES_ENABLED = "nic.packed.virtqueues.enabled";
 
+    // KVM specific, disk controllers
+    String KVM_SKIP_FORCE_DISK_CONTROLLER = "skip.force.disk.controller";
+
     // Mac OSX guest specific (internal)
     String SMC_PRESENT = "smc.present";
     String FIRMWARE = "firmware";

api/src/main/java/com/cloud/vm/snapshot/VMSnapshot.java

@@ -29,10 +29,10 @@ import com.cloud.utils.fsm.StateObject;
 public interface VMSnapshot extends ControlledEntity, Identity, InternalIdentity, StateObject<VMSnapshot.State> {
 
     enum State {
-        Allocated("The VM snapshot is allocated but has not been created yet."), Creating("The VM snapshot is being created."), Ready(
+        Allocated("The Instance Snapshot is allocated but has not been created yet."), Creating("The Instance Snapshot is being created."), Ready(
-                "The VM snapshot is ready to be used."), Reverting("The VM snapshot is being used to revert"), Expunging("The volume is being expunging"), Removed(
+                "The Instance Snapshot is ready to be used."), Reverting("The Instance Snapshot is being used to revert"), Expunging("The volume is being expunging"), Removed(
                 "The volume is destroyed, and can't be recovered."), Error("The volume is in error state, and can't be recovered"),
-        Hidden("The VM snapshot is hidden from the user and cannot be recovered.");
+        Hidden("The Instance snapshot is hidden from the user and cannot be recovered.");
 
         String _description;
 

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/acl/RoleType.java

@@ -132,10 +132,10 @@ public enum RoleType {
      * */
     public static Account.Type getAccountTypeByRole(final Role role, final Account.Type defautAccountType) {
         if (role != null) {
-            LOGGER.debug(String.format("Role [%s] is not null; therefore, we use its account type [%s].", role, defautAccountType));
+            LOGGER.debug("Role [{}] is not null; therefore, we use its Account type [{}].", role, defautAccountType);
             return role.getRoleType().getAccountType();
         }
-        LOGGER.debug(String.format("Role is null; therefore, we use the default account type [%s] value.", defautAccountType));
+        LOGGER.debug("Role is null; therefore, we use the default Account type [{}] value.", defautAccountType);
         return defautAccountType;
     }
 }

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/acl/SecurityChecker.java

@@ -27,6 +27,8 @@ import com.cloud.user.Account;
 import com.cloud.user.User;
 import com.cloud.utils.component.Adapter;
 
+import org.apache.cloudstack.backup.BackupOffering;
+
 /**
  * SecurityChecker checks the ownership and access control to objects within
  */
@@ -145,4 +147,6 @@ public interface SecurityChecker extends Adapter {
     boolean checkAccess(Account account, NetworkOffering nof, DataCenter zone) throws PermissionDeniedException;
 
     boolean checkAccess(Account account, VpcOffering vof, DataCenter zone) throws PermissionDeniedException;
+
+    boolean checkAccess(Account account, BackupOffering bof) throws PermissionDeniedException;
 }

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/affinity/AffinityGroupResponse.java

@@ -34,27 +34,27 @@ import com.cloud.serializer.Param;
 public class AffinityGroupResponse extends BaseResponse implements ControlledViewEntityResponse {
 
     @SerializedName(ApiConstants.ID)
-    @Param(description = "the ID of the affinity group")
+    @Param(description = "The ID of the affinity group")
     private String id;
 
     @SerializedName(ApiConstants.NAME)
-    @Param(description = "the name of the affinity group")
+    @Param(description = "The name of the affinity group")
     private String name;
 
     @SerializedName(ApiConstants.DESCRIPTION)
-    @Param(description = "the description of the affinity group")
+    @Param(description = "The description of the affinity group")
     private String description;
 
     @SerializedName(ApiConstants.ACCOUNT)
-    @Param(description = "the account owning the affinity group")
+    @Param(description = "The account owning the affinity group")
     private String accountName;
 
     @SerializedName(ApiConstants.DOMAIN_ID)
-    @Param(description = "the domain ID of the affinity group")
+    @Param(description = "The domain ID of the affinity group")
     private String domainId;
 
     @SerializedName(ApiConstants.DOMAIN)
-    @Param(description = "the domain name of the affinity group")
+    @Param(description = "The domain name of the affinity group")
     private String domainName;
 
     @SerializedName(ApiConstants.DOMAIN_PATH)
@@ -62,19 +62,19 @@ public class AffinityGroupResponse extends BaseResponse implements ControlledVie
     private String domainPath;
 
     @SerializedName(ApiConstants.PROJECT_ID)
-    @Param(description = "the project ID of the affinity group")
+    @Param(description = "The project ID of the affinity group")
     private String projectId;
 
     @SerializedName(ApiConstants.PROJECT)
-    @Param(description = "the project name of the affinity group")
+    @Param(description = "The project name of the affinity group")
     private String projectName;
 
     @SerializedName(ApiConstants.TYPE)
-    @Param(description = "the type of the affinity group")
+    @Param(description = "The type of the affinity group")
     private String type;
 
     @SerializedName("virtualmachineIds")
-    @Param(description = "virtual machine IDs associated with this affinity group")
+    @Param(description = "Instance IDs associated with this affinity group")
     private List<String> vmIdList;
 
     @SerializedName("dedicatedresources")

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/affinity/AffinityGroupTypeResponse.java

@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ import com.cloud.serializer.Param;
 public class AffinityGroupTypeResponse extends BaseResponse {
 
     @SerializedName(ApiConstants.TYPE)
-    @Param(description = "the type of the affinity group")
+    @Param(description = "The type of the affinity group")
     private String type;
 
     public AffinityGroupTypeResponse() {

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/alert/AlertService.java

@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ public interface AlertService {
         public static final AlertType ALERT_TYPE_VR_PUBLIC_IFACE_MTU = new AlertType((short)32, "ALERT.VR.PUBLIC.IFACE.MTU", true);
         public static final AlertType ALERT_TYPE_VR_PRIVATE_IFACE_MTU = new AlertType((short)32, "ALERT.VR.PRIVATE.IFACE.MTU", true);
         public static final AlertType ALERT_TYPE_EXTENSION_PATH_NOT_READY = new AlertType((short)33, "ALERT.TYPE.EXTENSION.PATH.NOT.READY", true);
+        public static final AlertType ALERT_TYPE_VPN_GATEWAY_OBSOLETE_PARAMETERS = new AlertType((short)34, "ALERT.S2S.VPN.GATEWAY.OBSOLETE.PARAMETERS", true);
         public static final AlertType ALERT_TYPE_BACKUP_STORAGE = new AlertType(Capacity.CAPACITY_TYPE_BACKUP_STORAGE, "ALERT.STORAGE.BACKUP", true);
         public static final AlertType ALERT_TYPE_OBJECT_STORAGE = new AlertType(Capacity.CAPACITY_TYPE_OBJECT_STORAGE, "ALERT.STORAGE.OBJECT", true);
 

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/AbstractGetUploadParamsCmd.java

@@ -29,28 +29,28 @@ import org.apache.cloudstack.api.response.ZoneResponse;
 public abstract class AbstractGetUploadParamsCmd extends BaseCmd {
 
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.NAME, type = CommandType.STRING, required = true, description = "the name of the volume/template/iso")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.NAME, type = CommandType.STRING, required = true, description = "The name of the Volume/Template/ISO")
     private String name;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.FORMAT, type = CommandType.STRING, required = true, description = "the format for the volume/template/iso. Possible values include QCOW2, OVA, "
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.FORMAT, type = CommandType.STRING, required = true, description = "The format for the Volume/Template/ISO. Possible values include QCOW2, OVA, "
             + "and VHD.")
     private String format;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ZONE_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = ZoneResponse.class, required = true, description = "the ID of the zone the volume/template/iso is "
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ZONE_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = ZoneResponse.class, required = true, description = "The ID of the zone the Volume/Template/ISO is "
             + "to be hosted on")
     private Long zoneId;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.CHECKSUM, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "the checksum value of this volume/template/iso " + ApiConstants.CHECKSUM_PARAMETER_PREFIX_DESCRIPTION)
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.CHECKSUM, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "The checksum value of this Volume/Template/ISO " + ApiConstants.CHECKSUM_PARAMETER_PREFIX_DESCRIPTION)
     private String checksum;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ACCOUNT, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "an optional accountName. Must be used with domainId.")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ACCOUNT, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "An optional accountName. Must be used with domainId.")
     private String accountName;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.DOMAIN_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = DomainResponse.class, description = "an optional domainId. If the account parameter is used, "
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.DOMAIN_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = DomainResponse.class, description = "An optional domainId. If the Account parameter is used, "
             + "domainId must also be used.")
     private Long domainId;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.PROJECT_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = ProjectResponse.class, description = "Upload volume/template/iso for the project")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.PROJECT_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = ProjectResponse.class, description = "Upload Volume/Template/ISO for the project")
     private Long projectId;
 
     public String getName() {

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/ApiConstants.java

@@ -375,6 +375,7 @@ public class ApiConstants {
     public static final String MAC_ADDRESS = "macaddress";
     public static final String MAC_ADDRESSES = "macaddresses";
     public static final String MANUAL_UPGRADE = "manualupgrade";
+    public static final String MATCH_TYPE = "matchtype";
     public static final String MAX = "max";
     public static final String MAX_SNAPS = "maxsnaps";
     public static final String MAX_BACKUPS = "maxbackups";
@@ -1215,6 +1216,7 @@ public class ApiConstants {
     public static final String DOCKER_REGISTRY_EMAIL = "dockerregistryemail";
     public static final String ISO_NAME = "isoname";
     public static final String ISO_STATE = "isostate";
+    public static final String ISO_URL = "isourl";
     public static final String SEMANTIC_VERSION = "semanticversion";
     public static final String KUBERNETES_VERSION_ID = "kubernetesversionid";
     public static final String KUBERNETES_VERSION_NAME = "kubernetesversionname";
@@ -1363,6 +1365,10 @@ public class ApiConstants {
 
     public static final String RECURSIVE_DOMAINS = "recursivedomains";
 
+    public static final String VPN_CUSTOMER_GATEWAY_PARAMETERS = "vpncustomergatewayparameters";
+    public static final String OBSOLETE_PARAMETERS = "obsoleteparameters";
+    public static final String EXCLUDED_PARAMETERS = "excludedparameters";
+
     /**
      * This enum specifies IO Drivers, each option controls specific policies on I/O.
      * Qemu guests support "threads" and "native" options Since 0.8.8 ; "io_uring" is supported Since 6.3.0 (QEMU 5.0).

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/BaseAsyncCreateCustomIdCmd.java

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ package org.apache.cloudstack.api;
 public abstract class BaseAsyncCreateCustomIdCmd extends BaseAsyncCreateCmd {
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.CUSTOM_ID,
                type = CommandType.STRING,
-               description = "an optional field, in case you want to set a custom id to the resource. Allowed to Root Admins only")
+               description = "An optional field, in case you want to set a custom id to the resource. Allowed to Root Admins only")
     private String customId;
 
     public String getCustomId() {

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/BaseAsyncCustomIdCmd.java

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ import org.apache.cloudstack.acl.RoleType;
 public abstract class BaseAsyncCustomIdCmd extends BaseAsyncCmd {
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.CUSTOM_ID,
                type = CommandType.STRING,
- description = "an optional field, in case you want to set a custom id to the resource. Allowed to Root Admins only", since = "4.4", authorized = {RoleType.Admin})
+ description = "An optional field, in case you want to set a custom id to the resource. Allowed to Root Admins only", since = "4.4", authorized = {RoleType.Admin})
     private String customId;
 
     public String getCustomId() {

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/BaseBackupListCmd.java

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ import org.apache.cloudstack.api.response.ListResponse;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.backup.BackupOffering;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.context.CallContext;
 
-public abstract class BaseBackupListCmd extends BaseListCmd {
+public abstract class BaseBackupListCmd extends BaseListAccountResourcesCmd {
 
     protected void setupResponseBackupOfferingsList(final List<BackupOffering> offerings, final Integer count) {
         final ListResponse<BackupOfferingResponse> response = new ListResponse<>();

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/BaseCmd.java

@@ -382,7 +382,7 @@ public abstract class BaseCmd {
             if (roleIsAllowed) {
                 validFields.add(field);
             } else {
-                logger.debug("Ignoring parameter " + parameterAnnotation.name() + " as the caller is not authorized to pass it in");
+                logger.debug("Ignoring parameter {} as the caller is not authorized to pass it in", parameterAnnotation.name());
             }
         }
 

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/BaseCustomIdCmd.java

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ public abstract class BaseCustomIdCmd extends BaseCmd {
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.CUSTOM_ID,
                type = CommandType.STRING,
- description = "an optional field, in case you want to set a custom id to the resource. Allowed to Root Admins only", since = "4.4", authorized = {RoleType.Admin})
+ description = "An optional field, in case you want to set a custom id to the resource. Allowed to Root Admins only", since = "4.4", authorized = {RoleType.Admin})
     private String customId;
 
     public String getCustomId() {

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/BaseListAccountResourcesCmd.java

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ package org.apache.cloudstack.api;
 
 public abstract class BaseListAccountResourcesCmd extends BaseListDomainResourcesCmd implements IBaseListAccountResourcesCmd {
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ACCOUNT, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "list resources by account. Must be used with the domainId parameter.")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ACCOUNT, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "List resources by Account. Must be used with the domainId parameter.")
     private String accountName;
 
     @Override

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/BaseListDomainResourcesCmd.java

@@ -27,10 +27,10 @@ public abstract class BaseListDomainResourcesCmd extends BaseListCmd implements
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.DOMAIN_ID,
                type = CommandType.UUID,
                entityType = DomainResponse.class,
-               description = "list only resources belonging to the domain specified")
+               description = "List only resources belonging to the domain specified")
     private Long domainId;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.IS_RECURSIVE, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN, description = "defaults to false,"
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.IS_RECURSIVE, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN, description = "Defaults to false,"
         + " but if true, lists all resources from the parent specified by the domainId till leaves.")
     private Boolean recursive;
 

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/BaseListProjectAndAccountResourcesCmd.java

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ import org.apache.cloudstack.api.response.ProjectResponse;
 
 public abstract class BaseListProjectAndAccountResourcesCmd extends BaseListAccountResourcesCmd implements IBaseListProjectAndAccountResourcesCmd {
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.PROJECT_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = ProjectResponse.class, description = "list objects by project; if projectid=-1 lists All VMs")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.PROJECT_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = ProjectResponse.class, description = "List objects by project; if projectid=-1 lists All Instances")
     private Long projectId;
 
     @Override

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/BaseListRetrieveOnlyResourceCountCmd.java

@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ package org.apache.cloudstack.api;
 import org.apache.commons.lang3.BooleanUtils;
 
 public abstract class BaseListRetrieveOnlyResourceCountCmd extends BaseListTaggedResourcesCmd {
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.RETRIEVE_ONLY_RESOURCE_COUNT, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN, description = "makes the API's response contains only the resource count")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.RETRIEVE_ONLY_RESOURCE_COUNT, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN, description = "Makes the API's response contains only the resource count")
     private Boolean retrieveOnlyResourceCount;
 
     public Boolean getRetrieveOnlyResourceCount() {

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/BaseListTemplateOrIsoPermissionsCmd.java

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ public abstract class BaseListTemplateOrIsoPermissionsCmd extends BaseCmd implem
     //////////////// API parameters /////////////////////
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = TemplatePermissionsResponse.class, required = true, description = "the template ID")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = TemplatePermissionsResponse.class, required = true, description = "The Template ID")
     private Long id;
 
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/BaseResponse.java

@@ -25,11 +25,11 @@ public abstract class BaseResponse implements ResponseObject {
     private transient String objectName;
 
     @SerializedName(ApiConstants.JOB_ID)
-    @Param(description = "the UUID of the latest async job acting on this object")
+    @Param(description = "The UUID of the latest async job acting on this object")
     protected String jobId;
 
     @SerializedName(ApiConstants.JOB_STATUS)
-    @Param(description = "the current status of the latest async job acting on this object")
+    @Param(description = "The current status of the latest async job acting on this object")
     private Integer jobStatus;
 
     public BaseResponse() {

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/BaseResponseWithAnnotations.java

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ import com.google.gson.annotations.SerializedName;
 public abstract class BaseResponseWithAnnotations extends BaseResponse {
 
     @SerializedName(ApiConstants.HAS_ANNOTATIONS)
-    @Param(description = "true if the entity/resource has annotations")
+    @Param(description = "True if the entity/resource has annotations")
     private Boolean hasAnnotation;
 
     public Boolean hasAnnotation() {

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/BaseResponseWithAssociatedNetwork.java

@@ -22,11 +22,11 @@ import com.google.gson.annotations.SerializedName;
 public abstract class BaseResponseWithAssociatedNetwork extends BaseResponseWithAnnotations {
 
     @SerializedName(ApiConstants.ASSOCIATED_NETWORK_ID)
-    @Param(description = "the ID of the Network associated with this private gateway")
+    @Param(description = "The ID of the Network associated with this private gateway")
     private String associatedNetworkId;
 
     @SerializedName(ApiConstants.ASSOCIATED_NETWORK)
-    @Param(description = "the name of the Network associated with this private gateway")
+    @Param(description = "The name of the Network associated with this private gateway")
     private String associatedNetworkName;
 
     public void setAssociatedNetworkId(String associatedNetworkId) {

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/BaseResponseWithTagInformation.java

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ import com.google.gson.annotations.SerializedName;
 public abstract class BaseResponseWithTagInformation extends BaseResponseWithAnnotations {
 
     @SerializedName(ApiConstants.TAGS)
-    @Param(description = "the list of resource tags associated", responseObject = ResourceTagResponse.class)
+    @Param(description = "The list of resource tags associated", responseObject = ResourceTagResponse.class)
     protected Set<ResourceTagResponse> tags;
 
     public void addTag(ResourceTagResponse tag) {

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/BaseUpdateTemplateOrIsoCmd.java

@@ -30,49 +30,49 @@ public abstract class BaseUpdateTemplateOrIsoCmd extends BaseCmd {
     //////////////// API parameters /////////////////////
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.BOOTABLE, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN, description = "true if image is bootable, false otherwise; available only for updateIso API")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.BOOTABLE, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN, description = "True if image is bootable, false otherwise; available only for updateIso API")
     private Boolean bootable;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.REQUIRES_HVM, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN, description = "true if the template requires HVM, false otherwise; available only for updateTemplate API")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.REQUIRES_HVM, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN, description = "True if the Template requires HVM, false otherwise; available only for updateTemplate API")
     private Boolean requiresHvm;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.DISPLAY_TEXT, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "the display text of the image", length = 4096)
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.DISPLAY_TEXT, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "The display text of the image", length = 4096)
     private String displayText;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = TemplateResponse.class, required = true, description = "the ID of the image file")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = TemplateResponse.class, required = true, description = "The ID of the image file")
     private Long id;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.NAME, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "the name of the image file")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.NAME, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "The name of the image file")
     private String templateName;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.OS_TYPE_ID,
                type = CommandType.UUID,
                entityType = GuestOSResponse.class,
-               description = "the ID of the OS type that best represents the OS of this image.")
+               description = "The ID of the OS type that best represents the OS of this image.")
     private Long osTypeId;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.FORCE_UPDATE_OS_TYPE, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN, since = "4.21", description = "Force OS type update. Warning: Updating OS type will " +
             "update the guest OS configuration for all the existing Instances deployed with this template/iso, which may affect their behavior.")
     private Boolean forceUpdateOsType;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.FORMAT, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "the format for the image")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.FORMAT, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "The format for the image")
     private String format;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.PASSWORD_ENABLED, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN, description = "true if the image supports the password reset feature; default is false")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.PASSWORD_ENABLED, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN, description = "True if the image supports the password reset feature; default is false")
     private Boolean passwordEnabled;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.SSHKEY_ENABLED, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN, description = "true if the template supports the sshkey upload feature; default is false")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.SSHKEY_ENABLED, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN, description = "True if the Template supports the SSHkey upload feature; default is false")
     private Boolean sshKeyEnabled;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.SORT_KEY, type = CommandType.INTEGER, description = "sort key of the template, integer")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.SORT_KEY, type = CommandType.INTEGER, description = "Sort key of the Template, integer")
     private Integer sortKey;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.IS_DYNAMICALLY_SCALABLE,
                type = CommandType.BOOLEAN,
-               description = "true if template/ISO contains XS/VMWare tools inorder to support dynamic scaling of VM cpu/memory")
+               description = "True if Template/ISO contains XS/VMWare tools in order to support dynamic scaling of Instance CPU/memory")
     private Boolean isDynamicallyScalable;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ROUTING, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN, description = "true if the template type is routing i.e., if template is used to deploy router")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ROUTING, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN, description = "True if the Template type is routing i.e., if Template is used to deploy router")
     protected Boolean isRoutingType;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.DETAILS, type = CommandType.MAP, description = "Details in key/value pairs using format details[i].keyname=keyvalue. Example: details[0].hypervisortoolsversion=xenserver61")
@@ -80,11 +80,11 @@ public abstract class BaseUpdateTemplateOrIsoCmd extends BaseCmd {
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.CLEAN_UP_DETAILS,
             type = CommandType.BOOLEAN,
-            description = "optional boolean field, which indicates if details should be cleaned up or not (if set to true, details removed for this resource, details field ignored; if false or not set, no action)")
+            description = "Optional boolean field, which indicates if details should be cleaned up or not (if set to true, details removed for this resource, details field ignored; if false or not set, no action)")
     private Boolean cleanupDetails;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ARCH, type = CommandType.STRING,
-            description = "the CPU arch of the template/ISO. Valid options are: x86_64, aarch64",
+            description = "the CPU arch of the template/ISO. Valid options are: x86_64, aarch64, s390x",
             since = "4.20")
     private String arch;
 

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/BaseUpdateTemplateOrIsoPermissionsCmd.java

@@ -40,31 +40,31 @@ public abstract class BaseUpdateTemplateOrIsoPermissionsCmd extends BaseCmd {
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ACCOUNTS,
                type = CommandType.LIST,
                collectionType = CommandType.STRING,
-               description = "a comma delimited list of accounts within caller's domain. If specified, \"op\" parameter has to be passed in.")
+               description = "A comma delimited list of Accounts within caller's domain. If specified, \"op\" parameter has to be passed in.")
     private List<String> accountNames;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = TemplateResponse.class, required = true, description = "the template ID")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = TemplateResponse.class, required = true, description = "The Template ID")
     private Long id;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.IS_FEATURED, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN, description = "true for featured template/iso, false otherwise")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.IS_FEATURED, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN, description = "True for featured Template/ISO, false otherwise")
     private Boolean featured;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.IS_PUBLIC, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN, description = "true for public template/iso, false for private templates/isos")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.IS_PUBLIC, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN, description = "True for public Template/ISO, false for private Templates/ISOs")
     private Boolean isPublic;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.IS_EXTRACTABLE,
                type = CommandType.BOOLEAN,
-               description = "true if the template/iso is extractable, false other wise. Can be set only by root admin")
+               description = "True if the Template/ISO is extractable, false otherwise. Can be set only by root admin")
     private Boolean isExtractable;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.OP, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "permission operator (add, remove, reset)")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.OP, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "Permission operator (add, remove, reset)")
     private String operation;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.PROJECT_IDS,
                type = CommandType.LIST,
                collectionType = CommandType.UUID,
                entityType = ProjectResponse.class,
-               description = "a comma delimited list of projects. If specified, \"op\" parameter has to be passed in.")
+               description = "A comma delimited list of projects. If specified, \"op\" parameter has to be passed in.")
     private List<Long> projectIds;
 
     // ///////////////////////////////////////////////////
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ public abstract class BaseUpdateTemplateOrIsoPermissionsCmd extends BaseCmd {
             SuccessResponse response = new SuccessResponse(getCommandName());
             setResponseObject(response);
         } else {
-            throw new ServerApiException(ApiErrorCode.INTERNAL_ERROR, "Failed to update template/iso permissions");
+            throw new ServerApiException(ApiErrorCode.INTERNAL_ERROR, "Failed to update Template/ISO permissions");
         }
     }
 }

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/account/CreateAccountCmd.java

@@ -50,12 +50,12 @@ public class CreateAccountCmd extends BaseCmd {
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ACCOUNT,
                type = CommandType.STRING,
-               description = "Name of the account to be created. The user will be added to this newly created account. If no account is specified, the username will be used as the account name.")
+               description = "Name of the Account to be created. The user will be added to this newly created account. If no Account is specified, the username will be used as the Account name.")
     private String accountName;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ACCOUNT_TYPE,
                type = CommandType.INTEGER,
-               description = "Type of the account.  Specify 0 for user, 1 for root admin, and 2 for domain admin")
+               description = "Type of the account. Specify 0 for user, 1 for root admin, and 2 for domain admin")
     private Integer accountType;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ROLE_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = RoleResponse.class, description = "Creates the account under the specified role.")
@@ -64,13 +64,13 @@ public class CreateAccountCmd extends BaseCmd {
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.DOMAIN_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = DomainResponse.class, description = "Creates the user under the specified domain.")
     private Long domainId;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.EMAIL, type = CommandType.STRING, required = true, description = "email")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.EMAIL, type = CommandType.STRING, required = true, description = "E-mail")
     private String email;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.FIRSTNAME, type = CommandType.STRING, required = true, description = "firstname")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.FIRSTNAME, type = CommandType.STRING, required = true, description = "First name")
     private String firstName;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.LASTNAME, type = CommandType.STRING, required = true, description = "lastname")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.LASTNAME, type = CommandType.STRING, required = true, description = "Last name")
     private String lastName;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.PASSWORD,
@@ -87,16 +87,16 @@ public class CreateAccountCmd extends BaseCmd {
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.USERNAME, type = CommandType.STRING, required = true, description = "Unique username.")
     private String userName;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.NETWORK_DOMAIN, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "Network domain for the account's networks")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.NETWORK_DOMAIN, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "Network domain for the Account's Networks")
     private String networkDomain;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ACCOUNT_DETAILS, type = CommandType.MAP, description = "details for account used to store specific parameters")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ACCOUNT_DETAILS, type = CommandType.MAP, description = "Details for Account used to store specific parameters")
     private Map<String, String> details;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ACCOUNT_ID, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "Account UUID, required for adding account from external provisioning system")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ACCOUNT_ID, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "Account UUID, required for adding Account from external provisioning system")
     private String accountUUID;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.USER_ID, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "User UUID, required for adding account from external provisioning system")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.USER_ID, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "User UUID, required for adding Account from external provisioning system")
     private String userUUID;
 
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/account/DeleteAccountCmd.java

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ import org.apache.cloudstack.region.RegionService;
 import com.cloud.event.EventTypes;
 import com.cloud.user.Account;
 
-@APICommand(name = "deleteAccount", description = "Deletes a account, and all users associated with this account", responseObject = SuccessResponse.class, entityType = {Account.class},
+@APICommand(name = "deleteAccount", description = "Deletes an Account and all Users associated with this Account", responseObject = SuccessResponse.class, entityType = {Account.class},
         requestHasSensitiveInfo = false, responseHasSensitiveInfo = false)
 public class DeleteAccountCmd extends BaseAsyncCmd {
 
@@ -79,8 +79,8 @@ public class DeleteAccountCmd extends BaseAsyncCmd {
     @Override
     public String getEventDescription() {
         Account account = _accountService.getAccount(getId());
-        return (account != null ? "Deleting user account " + account.getAccountName() + " (ID: " + account.getUuid() + ") and all corresponding users"
+        return (account != null ? "Deleting user Account " + account.getAccountName() + " (ID: " + account.getUuid() + ") and all corresponding users"
-            : "Account delete, but this account does not exist in the system");
+            : "Cannot delete Account - it does not exist in the system");
     }
 
     @Override

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/account/DisableAccountCmd.java

@@ -50,13 +50,13 @@ public class DisableAccountCmd extends BaseAsyncCmd {
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = AccountResponse.class, description = "Account id")
     private Long id;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ACCOUNT, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "Disables specified account.")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ACCOUNT, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "Disables specified Account.")
     private String accountName;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.DOMAIN_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = DomainResponse.class, description = "Disables specified account in this domain.")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.DOMAIN_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = DomainResponse.class, description = "Disables specified Account in this domain.")
     private Long domainId;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.LOCK, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN, required = true, description = "If true, only lock the account; else disable the account")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.LOCK, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN, required = true, description = "If true, only lock the Account; else disable the Account")
     private Boolean lockRequested;
 
     @Inject
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ public class DisableAccountCmd extends BaseAsyncCmd {
 
     @Override
     public String getEventDescription() {
-        return  "disabling account: " + getAccountName() + " in domain: " + getDomainId();
+        return  "Disabling Account: " + getAccountName() + " in domain: " + getDomainId();
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ public class DisableAccountCmd extends BaseAsyncCmd {
             response.setResponseName(getCommandName());
             setResponseObject(response);
         } else {
-            throw new ServerApiException(ApiErrorCode.INTERNAL_ERROR, lockRequested == true ? "Failed to lock account" : "Failed to disable account");
+            throw new ServerApiException(ApiErrorCode.INTERNAL_ERROR, lockRequested == true ? "Failed to lock Account" : "Failed to disable Account");
         }
     }
 

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/account/EnableAccountCmd.java

@@ -46,10 +46,10 @@ public class EnableAccountCmd extends BaseCmd {
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = AccountResponse.class, description = "Account id")
     private Long id;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ACCOUNT, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "Enables specified account.")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ACCOUNT, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "Enables specified Account.")
     private String accountName;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.DOMAIN_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = DomainResponse.class, description = "Enables specified account in this domain.")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.DOMAIN_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = DomainResponse.class, description = "Enables specified Account in this domain.")
     private Long domainId;
 
     @Inject
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ public class EnableAccountCmd extends BaseCmd {
             response.setResponseName(getCommandName());
             setResponseObject(response);
         } else {
-            throw new ServerApiException(ApiErrorCode.INTERNAL_ERROR, "Failed to enable account");
+            throw new ServerApiException(ApiErrorCode.INTERNAL_ERROR, "Failed to enable Account");
         }
     }
 

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/account/ListAccountsCmdByAdmin.java

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import org.apache.cloudstack.api.response.AccountResponse;
 
 import com.cloud.user.Account;
 
-@APICommand(name = "listAccounts", description = "Lists accounts and provides detailed account information for listed accounts", responseObject = AccountResponse.class, responseView = ResponseView.Full, entityType = {Account.class},
+@APICommand(name = "listAccounts", description = "Lists Accounts and provides detailed Account information for listed Accounts", responseObject = AccountResponse.class, responseView = ResponseView.Full, entityType = {Account.class},
         requestHasSensitiveInfo = false, responseHasSensitiveInfo = true)
 public class ListAccountsCmdByAdmin extends ListAccountsCmd {
 }

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/account/LockAccountCmd.java

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import com.cloud.user.Account;
 import com.cloud.utils.exception.CloudRuntimeException;
 
 @APICommand(name = "lockAccount",
-            description = "This deprecated function used to locks an account. Look for the API DisableAccount instead",
+            description = "This deprecated function used to lock an Account. Look for the API DisableAccount instead",
             responseObject = AccountResponse.class,
             entityType = {Account.class},
             requestHasSensitiveInfo = false,
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ public class LockAccountCmd extends BaseCmd {
                type = CommandType.UUID,
                entityType = DomainResponse.class,
                required = true,
-               description = "Locks the specified account on this domain.")
+               description = "Locks the specified Account on this domain.")
     private Long domainId;
 
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@@ -78,6 +78,6 @@ public class LockAccountCmd extends BaseCmd {
 
     @Override
     public void execute() {
-        throw new CloudRuntimeException("LockAccount does not lock accounts. Its implementation is disabled. Use DisableAccount instead");
+        throw new CloudRuntimeException("LockAccount does not lock Accounts. Its implementation is disabled. Use DisableAccount instead.");
     }
 }

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/account/UpdateAccountCmd.java

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ import org.apache.cloudstack.region.RegionService;
 
 import com.cloud.user.Account;
 
-@APICommand(name = "updateAccount", description = "Updates account information for the authenticated user", responseObject = AccountResponse.class, entityType = {Account.class},
+@APICommand(name = "updateAccount", description = "Updates Account information for the authenticated user", responseObject = AccountResponse.class, entityType = {Account.class},
         responseView = ResponseView.Restricted, requestHasSensitiveInfo = false, responseHasSensitiveInfo = true)
 public class UpdateAccountCmd extends BaseCmd implements UserCmd {
 
@@ -52,24 +52,24 @@ public class UpdateAccountCmd extends BaseCmd implements UserCmd {
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = AccountResponse.class, description = "Account UUID")
     private Long id;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ACCOUNT, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "Current account name")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ACCOUNT, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "Current Account name")
     private String accountName;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.DOMAIN_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = DomainResponse.class, description = "The UUID of the domain where the account exists")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.DOMAIN_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = DomainResponse.class, description = "The UUID of the domain where the Account exists")
     private Long domainId;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ROLE_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = RoleResponse.class, description = "The UUID of the dynamic role to set for the account")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ROLE_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = RoleResponse.class, description = "The UUID of the dynamic role to set for the Account")
     private Long roleId;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.NEW_NAME, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "New name for the account")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.NEW_NAME, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "New name for the Account")
     private String newName;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.NETWORK_DOMAIN,
                type = CommandType.STRING,
-               description = "Network domain for the account's networks; empty string will update domainName with NULL value")
+               description = "Network domain for the Account's networks; empty string will update domainName with NULL value")
     private String networkDomain;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ACCOUNT_DETAILS, type = CommandType.MAP, description = "Details for the account used to store specific parameters")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ACCOUNT_DETAILS, type = CommandType.MAP, description = "Details for the Account used to store specific parameters")
     private Map details;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.API_KEY_ACCESS, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "Determines if Api key access for this user is enabled, disabled or inherits the value from its parent, the domain level setting api.key.access", since = "4.20.1.0", authorized = {RoleType.Admin})
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ public class UpdateAccountCmd extends BaseCmd implements UserCmd {
             response.setResponseName(getCommandName());
             setResponseObject(response);
         } else {
-            throw new ServerApiException(ApiErrorCode.INTERNAL_ERROR, "Failed to update account");
+            throw new ServerApiException(ApiErrorCode.INTERNAL_ERROR, "Failed to update Account");
         }
     }
 

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/acl/CreateRoleCmd.java

@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ public class CreateRoleCmd extends RoleCmd {
         }
 
         if (getRoleId() != null && getRoleId() < 1L) {
-            throw new ServerApiException(ApiErrorCode.PARAM_ERROR, "Invalid role id provided");
+            throw new ServerApiException(ApiErrorCode.PARAM_ERROR, "Invalid role ID provided");
         }
     }
 

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/acl/UpdateRoleCmd.java

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ public class UpdateRoleCmd extends RoleCmd {
             description = "ID of the role", validations = {ApiArgValidator.PositiveNumber})
     private Long roleId;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.NAME, type = BaseCmd.CommandType.STRING, description = "creates a role with this unique name")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.NAME, type = BaseCmd.CommandType.STRING, description = "Creates a role with this unique name")
     private String roleName;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.DESCRIPTION, type = BaseCmd.CommandType.STRING, description = "The description of the role")

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/acl/UpdateRolePermissionCmd.java

@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ public class UpdateRolePermissionCmd extends BaseCmd {
     private Long roleId;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.RULE_ORDER, type = CommandType.LIST, collectionType = CommandType.UUID, entityType = RolePermissionResponse.class,
-            description = "The parent role permission uuid, use 0 to move this rule at the top of the list")
+            description = "The parent role permission UUID, use 0 to move this rule at the top of the list")
     private List<Long> rulePermissionOrder;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.RULE_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = RolePermissionResponse.class,

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/acl/project/CreateProjectRoleCmd.java

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ public class CreateProjectRoleCmd extends ProjectRoleCmd {
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.NAME, type = BaseCmd.CommandType.STRING, required = true,
-            description = "creates a project role with this unique name")
+            description = "Creates a project role with this unique name")
     private String projectRoleName;
 
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/acl/project/UpdateProjectRoleCmd.java

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ public class UpdateProjectRoleCmd extends ProjectRoleCmd {
     private Long id;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.NAME, type = BaseCmd.CommandType.STRING,
-            description = "creates a project role with this unique name", validations = {ApiArgValidator.NotNullOrEmpty})
+            description = "Creates a project role with this unique name", validations = {ApiArgValidator.NotNullOrEmpty})
     private String projectRoleName;
 
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/acl/project/UpdateProjectRolePermissionCmd.java

@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ public class UpdateProjectRolePermissionCmd extends BaseCmd {
     private Long projectId;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.RULE_ORDER, type = CommandType.LIST, collectionType = CommandType.UUID, entityType = ProjectRolePermissionResponse.class,
-            description = "The parent role permission uuid, use 0 to move this rule at the top of the list")
+            description = "ID of the parent role permission, use 0 to move this rule at the top of the list")
     private List<Long> projectRulePermissionOrder;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.PROJECT_ROLE_PERMISSION_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = ProjectRolePermissionResponse.class,

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/address/AcquirePodIpCmdByAdmin.java

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ public class AcquirePodIpCmdByAdmin extends BaseCmd {
     //////////////// API parameters /////////////////////
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ZONE_ID, type = CommandType.STRING, entityType = ZoneResponse.class, required = true, description = "the ID of the zone")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ZONE_ID, type = CommandType.STRING, entityType = ZoneResponse.class, required = true, description = "The ID of the zone")
     private String zoneId;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.POD_ID, type = CommandType.STRING, entityType = ZoneResponse.class, required = false, description = "Pod ID")

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/address/AssociateIPAddrCmdByAdmin.java

@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ import org.apache.cloudstack.api.command.admin.AdminCmd;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.api.command.user.address.AssociateIPAddrCmd;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.api.response.IPAddressResponse;
 
-@APICommand(name = "associateIpAddress", description = "Acquires and associates a public IP to an account.", responseObject = IPAddressResponse.class, responseView = ResponseView.Full,
+@APICommand(name = "associateIpAddress", description = "Acquires and associates a public IP to an Account.", responseObject = IPAddressResponse.class, responseView = ResponseView.Full,
         requestHasSensitiveInfo = false, responseHasSensitiveInfo = false)
 public class AssociateIPAddrCmdByAdmin extends AssociateIPAddrCmd implements AdminCmd {
 }

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/address/ListPublicIpAddressesCmdByAdmin.java

@@ -24,6 +24,6 @@ import org.apache.cloudstack.api.response.IPAddressResponse;
 
 import com.cloud.network.IpAddress;
 
-@APICommand(name = "listPublicIpAddresses", description = "Lists all public ip addresses", responseObject = IPAddressResponse.class, responseView = ResponseView.Full,
+@APICommand(name = "listPublicIpAddresses", description = "Lists all public IP addresses", responseObject = IPAddressResponse.class, responseView = ResponseView.Full,
         requestHasSensitiveInfo = false, responseHasSensitiveInfo = false, entityType = {IpAddress.class})
 public class ListPublicIpAddressesCmdByAdmin extends ListPublicIpAddressesCmd implements AdminCmd {}

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/address/ReleasePodIpCmdByAdmin.java

@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ public class ReleasePodIpCmdByAdmin extends BaseCmd {
             response.setDisplayText("IP is released successfully");
             setResponseObject(response);
         } else {
-            throw new ServerApiException(ApiErrorCode.INTERNAL_ERROR, "Failed to release  Pod ip ");
+            throw new ServerApiException(ApiErrorCode.INTERNAL_ERROR, "Failed to release Pod IP");
         }
     }
 }

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/affinitygroup/UpdateVMAffinityGroupCmdByAdmin.java

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ import org.apache.cloudstack.api.response.UserVmResponse;
 import com.cloud.vm.VirtualMachine;
 
 
-@APICommand(name = "updateVMAffinityGroup", description = "Updates the affinity/anti-affinity group associations of a virtual machine. The VM has to be stopped and restarted for the "
+@APICommand(name = "updateVMAffinityGroup", description = "Updates the affinity/anti-affinity group associations of an Instance. The Instance has to be stopped and restarted for the "
         + "new properties to take effect.", responseObject = UserVmResponse.class, responseView = ResponseView.Full,
         entityType = {VirtualMachine.class},
         requestHasSensitiveInfo = false,

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/annotation/AddAnnotationCmd.java

@@ -33,22 +33,22 @@ import org.apache.cloudstack.api.response.AnnotationResponse;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.context.CallContext;
 import org.apache.commons.lang3.BooleanUtils;
 
-@APICommand(name = "addAnnotation", description = "add an annotation.", responseObject = AnnotationResponse.class,
+@APICommand(name = "addAnnotation", description = "Add an annotation.", responseObject = AnnotationResponse.class,
         requestHasSensitiveInfo = false, responseHasSensitiveInfo = false, since = "4.11", authorized = {RoleType.Admin})
 public class AddAnnotationCmd extends BaseCmd {
 
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ANNOTATION, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "the annotation text")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ANNOTATION, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "The annotation text")
     private String annotation;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ENTITY_TYPE, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "The following entity types are allowed VM, VOLUME, SNAPSHOT, VM_SNAPSHOT, INSTANCE_GROUP, SSH_KEYPAIR, USER_DATA, NETWORK, VPC, PUBLIC_IP_ADDRESS, VPN_CUSTOMER_GATEWAY, TEMPLATE, ISO, KUBERNETES_CLUSTER, SERVICE_OFFERING, DISK_OFFERING, NETWORK_OFFERING, ZONE, POD, CLUSTER, HOST, DOMAIN, PRIMARY_STORAGE, SECONDARY_STORAGE, VR, SYSTEM_VM, AUTOSCALE_VM_GROUP, MANAGEMENT_SERVER")
     private String entityType;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ENTITY_ID, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "the id of the entity to annotate")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ENTITY_ID, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "The ID of the entity to annotate")
     private String entityUuid;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ADMINS_ONLY, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN, since = "4.16.0",
-            description = "the annotation is visible for admins only")
+            description = "The annotation is visible for admins only")
     private Boolean adminsOnly;
 
     public String getAnnotation() {
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ public class AddAnnotationCmd extends BaseCmd {
     public void execute()
             throws ResourceUnavailableException, InsufficientCapacityException, ServerApiException, ConcurrentOperationException, ResourceAllocationException,
             NetworkRuleConflictException {
-        Preconditions.checkNotNull(getEntityUuid(),"I have to have an entity to set an annotation on!");
+        Preconditions.checkNotNull(getEntityUuid(),"I need to have an entity to set an annotation on!");
         Preconditions.checkState(AnnotationService.EntityType.contains(entityType),(java.lang.String)"'%s' is not a valid EntityType to put annotations on", entityType);
         AnnotationResponse annotationResponse = annotationService.addAnnotation(this);
         annotationResponse.setResponseName(getCommandName());

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/annotation/ListAnnotationsCmd.java

@@ -37,22 +37,22 @@ import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
 public class ListAnnotationsCmd extends BaseListCmd {
 
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ID, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "the id of the annotation")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ID, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "The ID of the annotation")
     private String uuid;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ENTITY_TYPE, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "the entity type")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ENTITY_TYPE, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "The entity type")
     private String entityType;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ENTITY_ID, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "the id of the entity for which to show annotations")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ENTITY_ID, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "The ID of the entity for which to show annotations")
     private String entityUuid;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.USER_ID, type = CommandType.STRING, since = "4.16.0",
-            description = "optional: the id of the user of the annotation", required = false)
+            description = "Optional: The ID of the user of the annotation", required = false)
     private String userUuid;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ANNOTATION_FILTER,
             type = CommandType.STRING, since = "4.16.0",
-            description = "possible values are \"self\" and \"all\". "
+            description = "Possible values are \"self\" and \"all\". "
                     + "* self : annotations that have been created by the calling user. "
                     + "* all : all the annotations the calling user can access")
     private String annotationFilter;

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/annotation/RemoveAnnotationCmd.java

@@ -30,12 +30,12 @@ import org.apache.cloudstack.api.ServerApiException;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.api.response.AnnotationResponse;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.context.CallContext;
 
-@APICommand(name = "removeAnnotation", description = "remove an annotation.", responseObject = AnnotationResponse.class,
+@APICommand(name = "removeAnnotation", description = "Remove an annotation.", responseObject = AnnotationResponse.class,
         requestHasSensitiveInfo = false, responseHasSensitiveInfo = false, since = "4.11", authorized = {RoleType.Admin})
 public class RemoveAnnotationCmd extends BaseCmd {
 
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ID, type = CommandType.STRING, required = true, description = "the id of the annotation")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ID, type = CommandType.STRING, required = true, description = "The ID of the annotation")
     private String uuid;
 
     public String getUuid() {

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/annotation/UpdateAnnotationVisibilityCmd.java

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ import org.apache.cloudstack.api.ServerApiException;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.api.response.AnnotationResponse;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.context.CallContext;
 
-@APICommand(name = "updateAnnotationVisibility", description = "update an annotation visibility.",
+@APICommand(name = "updateAnnotationVisibility", description = "Update an annotation visibility.",
         responseObject = AnnotationResponse.class,
         requestHasSensitiveInfo = false, responseHasSensitiveInfo = false,
         since = "4.16", authorized = {RoleType.Admin})
@@ -38,11 +38,11 @@ public class UpdateAnnotationVisibilityCmd extends BaseCmd {
 
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ID, type = CommandType.STRING, required = true,
-            description = "the id of the annotation")
+            description = "The ID of the annotation")
     private String uuid;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ADMINS_ONLY, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN, required = true,
-            description = "the annotation is visible for admins only")
+            description = "The annotation is visible for admins only")
     private Boolean adminsOnly;
 
     public String getUuid() {

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/autoscale/CreateCounterCmd.java

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ import com.cloud.event.EventTypes;
 import com.cloud.network.as.Counter;
 import com.cloud.user.Account;
 
-@APICommand(name = "createCounter", description = "Adds metric counter for VM auto scaling", responseObject = CounterResponse.class,
+@APICommand(name = "createCounter", description = "Adds metric counter for Instance auto scaling", responseObject = CounterResponse.class,
         requestHasSensitiveInfo = false, responseHasSensitiveInfo = false)
 public class CreateCounterCmd extends BaseAsyncCreateCmd {
     private static final String s_name = "counterresponse";
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ public class CreateCounterCmd extends BaseAsyncCreateCmd {
 
     @Override
     public String getEventDescription() {
-        return "creating a new Counter";
+        return "Creating a new Counter";
     }
 
     @Override

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/autoscale/DeleteCounterCmd.java

@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ import com.cloud.event.EventTypes;
 import com.cloud.exception.ResourceInUseException;
 import com.cloud.user.Account;
 
-@APICommand(name = "deleteCounter", description = "Deletes a counter for VM auto scaling", responseObject = SuccessResponse.class,
+@APICommand(name = "deleteCounter", description = "Deletes a counter for Instance auto scaling", responseObject = SuccessResponse.class,
         requestHasSensitiveInfo = false, responseHasSensitiveInfo = false)
 public class DeleteCounterCmd extends BaseAsyncCmd {
 
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ public class DeleteCounterCmd extends BaseAsyncCmd {
     // ////////////// API parameters /////////////////////
     // ///////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = CounterResponse.class, required = true, description = "the ID of the counter")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = CounterResponse.class, required = true, description = "The ID of the counter")
     private Long id;
 
     // ///////////////////////////////////////////////////
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ public class DeleteCounterCmd extends BaseAsyncCmd {
             SuccessResponse response = new SuccessResponse(getCommandName());
             this.setResponseObject(response);
         } else {
-            logger.warn("Failed to delete counter with Id: " + getId());
+            logger.warn("Failed to delete counter with Id: {}", getId());
             throw new ServerApiException(ApiErrorCode.INTERNAL_ERROR, "Failed to delete counter.");
         }
     }

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/backup/ImportBackupOfferingCmd.java

@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import org.apache.cloudstack.api.BaseCmd;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.api.Parameter;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.api.ServerApiException;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.api.response.BackupOfferingResponse;
+import org.apache.cloudstack.api.response.DomainResponse;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.api.response.ZoneResponse;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.backup.BackupManager;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.backup.BackupOffering;
@@ -40,6 +41,11 @@ import com.cloud.exception.NetworkRuleConflictException;
 import com.cloud.exception.ResourceAllocationException;
 import com.cloud.exception.ResourceUnavailableException;
 import com.cloud.utils.exception.CloudRuntimeException;
+import org.apache.commons.collections.CollectionUtils;
+
+import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Set;
 
 @APICommand(name = "importBackupOffering",
         description = "Imports a backup offering using a backup provider",
@@ -55,11 +61,11 @@ public class ImportBackupOfferingCmd extends BaseAsyncCmd {
     ////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.NAME, type = CommandType.STRING, required = true,
-            description = "the name of the backup offering")
+            description = "The name of the backup offering")
     private String name;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.DESCRIPTION, type = CommandType.STRING, required = true,
-            description = "the description of the backup offering")
+            description = "The description of the backup offering")
     private String description;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.EXTERNAL_ID,
@@ -76,6 +82,13 @@ public class ImportBackupOfferingCmd extends BaseAsyncCmd {
             description = "Whether users are allowed to create adhoc backups and backup schedules", required = true)
     private Boolean userDrivenBackups;
 
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.DOMAIN_ID,
+            type = CommandType.LIST,
+            collectionType = CommandType.UUID,
+            entityType = DomainResponse.class,
+            description = "the ID of the containing domain(s), null for public offerings")
+    private List<Long> domainIds;
+
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////
     /////////////////// Accessors ///////////////////////
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@@ -100,6 +113,15 @@ public class ImportBackupOfferingCmd extends BaseAsyncCmd {
         return userDrivenBackups == null ? false : userDrivenBackups;
     }
 
+    public List<Long> getDomainIds() {
+        if (CollectionUtils.isNotEmpty(domainIds)) {
+            Set<Long> set = new LinkedHashSet<>(domainIds);
+            domainIds.clear();
+            domainIds.addAll(set);
+        }
+        return domainIds;
+    }
+
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////
     /////////////// API Implementation///////////////////
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/backup/UpdateBackupOfferingCmd.java

@@ -25,19 +25,24 @@ import org.apache.cloudstack.api.ApiErrorCode;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.api.BaseCmd;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.api.Parameter;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.api.ServerApiException;
+import org.apache.cloudstack.api.command.offering.DomainAndZoneIdResolver;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.api.response.BackupOfferingResponse;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.backup.BackupManager;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.backup.BackupOffering;
 import org.apache.cloudstack.utils.reflectiontostringbuilderutils.ReflectionToStringBuilderUtils;
+import org.apache.commons.collections.CollectionUtils;
 import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
 
 import com.cloud.exception.InvalidParameterValueException;
 import com.cloud.user.Account;
 import com.cloud.utils.exception.CloudRuntimeException;
 
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.function.LongFunction;
+
 @APICommand(name = "updateBackupOffering", description = "Updates a backup offering.", responseObject = BackupOfferingResponse.class,
 requestHasSensitiveInfo = false, responseHasSensitiveInfo = false, since = "4.16.0")
-public class UpdateBackupOfferingCmd extends BaseCmd {
+public class UpdateBackupOfferingCmd extends BaseCmd implements DomainAndZoneIdResolver {
 
     @Inject
     private BackupManager backupManager;
@@ -57,6 +62,13 @@ public class UpdateBackupOfferingCmd extends BaseCmd {
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ALLOW_USER_DRIVEN_BACKUPS, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN, description = "Whether to allow user driven backups or not")
     private Boolean allowUserDrivenBackups;
 
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.DOMAIN_ID,
+            type = CommandType.STRING,
+            description = "the ID of the containing domain(s) as comma separated string, public for public offerings",
+            since = "4.23.0",
+            length = 4096)
+    private String domainIds;
+
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////
     /////////////////// Accessors ///////////////////////
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////
@@ -82,7 +94,7 @@ public class UpdateBackupOfferingCmd extends BaseCmd {
     @Override
     public void execute() {
         try {
-            if (StringUtils.isAllEmpty(getName(), getDescription()) && getAllowUserDrivenBackups() == null) {
+            if (StringUtils.isAllEmpty(getName(), getDescription()) && getAllowUserDrivenBackups() == null && CollectionUtils.isEmpty(getDomainIds())) {
                 throw new InvalidParameterValueException(String.format("Can't update Backup Offering [id: %s] because there are no parameters to be updated, at least one of the",
                         "following should be informed: name, description or allowUserDrivenBackups.", id));
             }
@@ -98,11 +110,23 @@ public class UpdateBackupOfferingCmd extends BaseCmd {
             this.setResponseObject(response);
         } catch (CloudRuntimeException e) {
             ApiErrorCode paramError = e instanceof InvalidParameterValueException ? ApiErrorCode.PARAM_ERROR : ApiErrorCode.INTERNAL_ERROR;
-            logger.error(String.format("Failed to update Backup Offering [id: %s] due to: [%s].", id, e.getMessage()), e);
+            logger.error("Failed to update Backup Offering [id: {}] due to: [{}].", id, e.getMessage(), e);
             throw new ServerApiException(paramError, e.getMessage());
         }
     }
 
+    public List<Long> getDomainIds() {
+        // backupManager may be null in unit tests where the command is spied without injection.
+        // Avoid creating a method reference to a null receiver which causes NPE. When backupManager
+        // is null, pass null as the defaultDomainsProvider so resolveDomainIds will simply return
+        // an empty list or parse the explicit domainIds string.
+        LongFunction<List<Long>> defaultDomainsProvider = null;
+        if (backupManager != null) {
+            defaultDomainsProvider = backupManager::getBackupOfferingDomains;
+        }
+        return resolveDomainIds(domainIds, id, defaultDomainsProvider, "backup offering");
+    }
+
     @Override
     public long getEntityOwnerId() {
         return Account.ACCOUNT_ID_SYSTEM;

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/ca/ProvisionCertificateCmd.java

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ public class ProvisionCertificateCmd extends BaseAsyncCmd {
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.HOST_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, required = true, entityType = HostResponse.class,
-            description = "The host/agent uuid to which the certificate has to be provisioned (issued and propagated)")
+            description = "The host/agent ID to which the certificate has to be provisioned (issued and propagated)")
     private Long hostId;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.RECONNECT, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN,
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ public class ProvisionCertificateCmd extends BaseAsyncCmd {
 
     @Override
     public String getEventDescription() {
-        return "provisioning certificate for host id=" + hostId + " using provider=" + provider;
+        return "Provisioning certificate for host id=" + hostId + " using provider=" + provider;
     }
 
     @Override

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/ca/RevokeCertificateCmd.java

@@ -105,6 +105,6 @@ public class RevokeCertificateCmd extends BaseAsyncCmd {
 
     @Override
     public String getEventDescription() {
-        return "revoking certificate with serial id=" + serial + ", cn=" + cn;
+        return "Revoking certificate with serial id=" + serial + ", cn=" + cn;
     }
 }

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/cluster/AddClusterCmd.java

@@ -44,48 +44,48 @@ import com.cloud.user.Account;
         requestHasSensitiveInfo = true, responseHasSensitiveInfo = false)
 public class AddClusterCmd extends BaseCmd {
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.CLUSTER_NAME, type = CommandType.STRING, required = true, description = "the cluster name")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.CLUSTER_NAME, type = CommandType.STRING, required = true, description = "The cluster name")
     private String clusterName;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.PASSWORD, type = CommandType.STRING, required = false, description = "the password for the host")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.PASSWORD, type = CommandType.STRING, required = false, description = "The password for the host")
     private String password;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.POD_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = PodResponse.class, required = true, description = "the Pod ID for the host")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.POD_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = PodResponse.class, required = true, description = "The Pod ID for the host")
     private Long podId;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.URL, type = CommandType.STRING, required = false, description = "the URL")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.URL, type = CommandType.STRING, required = false, description = "The URL")
     private String url;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.USERNAME, type = CommandType.STRING, required = false, description = "the username for the cluster")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.USERNAME, type = CommandType.STRING, required = false, description = "The username for the cluster")
     private String username;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ZONE_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = ZoneResponse.class, required = true, description = "the Zone ID for the cluster")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ZONE_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = ZoneResponse.class, required = true, description = "The Zone ID for the cluster")
     private Long zoneId;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.HYPERVISOR,
                type = CommandType.STRING,
                required = true,
-               description = "hypervisor type of the cluster: XenServer,KVM,VMware,Hyperv,BareMetal,Simulator,Ovm3,External")
+               description = "Hypervisor type of the cluster: XenServer,KVM,VMware,Hyperv,BareMetal,Simulator,Ovm3,External")
     private String hypervisor;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ARCH, type = CommandType.STRING,
-            description = "the CPU arch of the cluster. Valid options are: x86_64, aarch64",
+            description = "The CPU arch of the cluster. Valid options are: x86_64, aarch64, s390x",
             since = "4.20")
     private String arch;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.CLUSTER_TYPE, type = CommandType.STRING, required = true, description = "type of the cluster: CloudManaged, ExternalManaged")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.CLUSTER_TYPE, type = CommandType.STRING, required = true, description = "Type of the cluster: CloudManaged, ExternalManaged")
     private String clusterType;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ALLOCATION_STATE, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "Allocation state of this cluster for allocation of new resources")
     private String allocationState;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.VSM_USERNAME, type = CommandType.STRING, required = false, description = "the username for the VSM associated with this cluster")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.VSM_USERNAME, type = CommandType.STRING, required = false, description = "The username for the VSM associated with this cluster")
     private String vsmusername;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.VSM_PASSWORD, type = CommandType.STRING, required = false, description = "the password for the VSM associated with this cluster")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.VSM_PASSWORD, type = CommandType.STRING, required = false, description = "The password for the VSM associated with this cluster")
     private String vsmpassword;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.VSM_IPADDRESS, type = CommandType.STRING, required = false, description = "the ipaddress of the VSM associated with this cluster")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.VSM_IPADDRESS, type = CommandType.STRING, required = false, description = "The IP address of the VSM associated with this cluster")
     private String vsmipaddress;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.VSWITCH_TYPE_GUEST_TRAFFIC,
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ public class AddClusterCmd extends BaseCmd {
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.VSWITCH_NAME_PUBLIC_TRAFFIC,
                type = CommandType.STRING,
                required = false,
-               description = "Name of virtual switch used for public traffic in the cluster.  This would override zone wide traffic label setting.")
+               description = "Name of virtual switch used for public traffic in the cluster. This would override zone wide traffic label setting.")
     private String vSwitchNamePublicTraffic;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.OVM3_POOL, type = CommandType.STRING, required = false, description = "Ovm3 native pooling enabled for cluster")

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/cluster/DeleteClusterCmd.java

@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ public class DeleteClusterCmd extends BaseCmd {
     //////////////// API parameters /////////////////////
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = ClusterResponse.class, required = true, description = "the cluster ID")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = ClusterResponse.class, required = true, description = "The cluster ID")
     private Long id;
 
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////

api/src/main/java/org/apache/cloudstack/api/command/admin/cluster/ListClustersCmd.java

@@ -52,31 +52,31 @@ public class ListClustersCmd extends BaseListCmd {
     //////////////// API parameters /////////////////////
     /////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = ClusterResponse.class, description = "lists clusters by the cluster ID")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = ClusterResponse.class, description = "Lists clusters by the cluster ID")
     private Long id;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.NAME, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "lists clusters by the cluster name")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.NAME, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "Lists clusters by the cluster name")
     private String clusterName;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.POD_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = PodResponse.class, description = "lists clusters by Pod ID")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.POD_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = PodResponse.class, description = "Lists clusters by Pod ID")
     private Long podId;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ZONE_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = ZoneResponse.class, description = "lists clusters by Zone ID")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ZONE_ID, type = CommandType.UUID, entityType = ZoneResponse.class, description = "Lists clusters by Zone ID")
     private Long zoneId;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.HYPERVISOR, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "lists clusters by hypervisor type")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.HYPERVISOR, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "Lists clusters by hypervisor type")
     private String hypervisorType;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.CLUSTER_TYPE, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "lists clusters by cluster type")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.CLUSTER_TYPE, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "Lists clusters by cluster type")
     private String clusterType;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ALLOCATION_STATE, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "lists clusters by allocation state")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ALLOCATION_STATE, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "Lists clusters by allocation state")
     private String allocationState;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.MANAGED_STATE, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "whether this cluster is managed by cloudstack")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.MANAGED_STATE, type = CommandType.STRING, description = "Whether this cluster is managed by cloudstack")
     private String managedState;
 
-    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.SHOW_CAPACITIES, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN, description = "flag to display the capacity of the clusters")
+    @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.SHOW_CAPACITIES, type = CommandType.BOOLEAN, description = "Flag to display the capacity of the clusters")
     private Boolean showCapacities;
 
     @Parameter(name = ApiConstants.ARCH, type = CommandType.STRING,